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2025 Severe Weather General Discussion


Kmlwx
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MCD our for western part of LWX CWA - https://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/md/md0448.html

 

mcd0448.png

 

Mesoscale Discussion 0448
   NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
   0118 PM CDT Mon Apr 14 2025

   Areas affected...Portions of the Middle/Upper Ohio River Valley to
   the Central Appalachians.

   Concerning...Severe potential...Watch likely 

   Valid 141818Z - 142015Z

   Probability of Watch Issuance...80 percent

   SUMMARY...Severe storms capable of producing large hail and damaging
   wind gusts will spread eastward through the afternoon into the
   evening. A watch will likely be issued within an hour or two for
   parts of the area.

   DISCUSSION...Initial thunderstorms are developing across southern IN
   this afternoon, generally focused along/ahead of an eastward-moving
   cold front. Ahead of this activity, continued diurnal heating amid
   increasing boundary-layer moisture (middle/upper 50s to lower 60s
   dewpoints) will continue to erode inhibition and support additional
   storm development. Steep midlevel lapse rates (sampled by earlier
   12Z soundings) atop the destabilizing boundary layer will yield
   around 1500 J/kg MLCAPE, favoring a gradual increase in storm
   intensity through the afternoon. As 60+ kt of midlevel flow (sampled
   by upstream VWP data) overspreads the warm sector, very long/mostly
   straight hodographs (60-70 kt of effective shear) will promote
   splitting supercell structures, posing a risk of large hail and
   damaging wind gusts. Despite the expectation for an initially
   semi-discrete mode, strong outflow amid the splitting storm
   structures will favor gradual upscale growth into small lines and
   clusters with eastward extent -- with an associated increasing
   severe-wind risk. A watch will likely be issued for parts of the
   area within an hour or two.

   ..Weinman/Mosier.. 04/14/2025

   ...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

   ATTN...WFO...CTP...LWX...RNK...PBZ...RLX...MRX...JKL...ILN...
   LMK...

   LAT...LON   38248556 38918470 39248402 39638285 40028068 39977973
               39747915 39357876 38847859 38237864 37707920 37408001
               37228138 37038395 37138489 37338555 37818577 38248556 

   MOST PROBABLE PEAK TORNADO INTENSITY...85-115 MPH
   MOST PROBABLE PEAK WIND GUST...65-80 MPH
   MOST PROBABLE PEAK HAIL SIZE...1.50-2.50 IN
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Afternoon AFD from LWX 

.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
As of 18Z/2PM EDT, the Mid-Atlantic resided on the south side of
a mid/upper-level jet. An enhancement to the jet was located
over the lower Great Lakes. The right entrance region of this
jet streak will pivot overhead this evening as a warm front
lifts northward.

Upstream satellite and obs suggest convective initiation will
likely take place between 3-5PM EDT over the mid Ohio Valley.
Given the orientation of shear and linear forcing along an
approaching cold front, storms may start discrete but should
grow rather quickly upscale into one or more line segments.
Aided by strong flow of 50-70 kts in the 700-500 hPa layer, any
line(s) should remain organized for several hours given the
moistening low levels and increasing CAPE to 400-800 J/kg
(locally up to 1500 J/kg immediately ahead of the front early
this evening). Although not extreme, steep mid-level lapse rates
from a leftover EML could exceed 8 deg C/km, which when coupled
with the strong flow in the same layer will likely result in
intense updrafts.

The question becomes how far east/northeast the convection
survives given (1) potential downsloping westerly flow off the
Appalachians, and (2) increasing nocturnal stability in the
boundary layer. Strong to severe wind gusts (50-70 mph) would be
most likely where low-level lapse rates are steepest and the
low-level inversion is shallowest, and as of mid afternoon this
zone appears most likely to reside along the I-64 corridor.
Farther to the north and east, although flow aloft may be just
as strong (if not stronger), a deeper low-level inversion later
into the evening may offset the downward transport of higher
momentum air. By midnight, even well developed cold pools may
have trouble efficiently mixing to the surface. Still, steep
lapse rates aloft could result in spotty hail even after storms
become more elevated in nature. A few instances of large (1-2
in diameter) hail cannot be ruled out given the favorable shear
and steep lapse rates aloft, especially if any semi-discrete
storms are observed locally.

Regarding the tornado potential, there is a warm front lurking
from western MD southeast to southern MD (nearing the Potomac).
Right along and just on the cool side of this boundary, favorable
SRH would exist for a tornado threat. But, developing low-level
stability later this evening and a predominantly linear storm
mode should limit any tornado threat to brief mesovortex spin
ups as the storms interacts with the warm frontal zone in areas
of more favorable lingering low-level CAPE.

In the event that upstream convection does not develop as
expected, it will likely be rather difficult to initiate intense
convection locally given the time of day. Conditionally, however,
the shear/lapse rate profile could result in an isolated strong
to severe storm.

Shower activity may liner much of the night as the surface cold
front crosses and the upper trough approaches. Some potential
for training is evident, but overall fast storm motions and only
briefly heavier rates should limit any flood threat. This is
especially the case given ongoing drought conditions
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Just now, yoda said:

Charleston WV WFO in for a rude time shortly 

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Charleston WV
528 PM EDT Mon Apr 14 2025

WVC011-015-035-039-053-079-087-142215-
/O.CON.KRLX.SV.W.0096.000000T0000Z-250414T2215Z/
Mason WV-Cabell WV-Putnam WV-Kanawha WV-Roane WV-Clay WV-Jackson WV-
528 PM EDT Mon Apr 14 2025

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 615 PM EDT
FOR SOUTH CENTRAL MASON...EASTERN CABELL...PUTNAM...KANAWHA...
SOUTHWESTERN ROANE...WEST CENTRAL CLAY AND SOUTHEASTERN JACKSON
COUNTIES...

At 527 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located over Winfield,
moving east at 50 mph.

THIS IS A DESTRUCTIVE STORM FOR CROSS LANES AND SAINT ALBANS.

HAZARD...Baseball size hail and 70 mph wind gusts.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...People and animals outdoors will be severely injured.
         Expect shattered windows, extensive damage to roofs,
         siding, and vehicles.

Locations impacted include...
Charleston, Pinch, Winfield, Cedar Grove, Glasgow, Nitro, Liberty,
Institute, St. Albans, South Charleston, Eleanor, Poca, Fraziers
Bottom, Coal Fork, Hurricane, Elkview, Sissonville, Buffalo, Cross
Lanes, and Clendenin.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

For your protection move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a
building.

&&

LAT...LON 3860 8128 3835 8123 3819 8140 3843 8210
      3866 8203
TIME...MOT...LOC 2127Z 277DEG 45KT 3850 8186

TORNADO...POSSIBLE
THUNDERSTORM DAMAGE THREAT...DESTRUCTIVE
HAIL THREAT...OBSERVED
MAX HAIL SIZE...2.75 IN
WIND THREAT...RADAR INDICATED
MAX WIND GUST...70 MPH
  • 100% 1
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Mesoscale Discussion 0449
   NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
   0430 PM CDT Mon Apr 14 2025

   Areas affected...central and eastern Kentucky...far southern
   Ohio...and West Virginia

   Concerning...Severe Thunderstorm Watch 138...

   Valid 142130Z - 142300Z

   The severe weather threat for Severe Thunderstorm Watch 138
   continues.

   SUMMARY...Multiple supercells capable of large hail and damaging
   wind gusts will persist this evening.

   DISCUSSION...A cluster of supercells has developed across southern
   Ohio with multiple large hail reports received thus far. The
   strongest of these cells is a lead supercell approaching Charleston,
   WV as of 2130 UTC. This supercell has a history of 2 inch hail and
   latest MRMS data suggests 2+ inch hail (perhaps the size of
   baseballs) remains possible. The environment downstream of this
   supercell remains favorable with 750-1000 J/kg MLCAPE and 45 to 50
   knots of shear and visible satellite showing an expansive agitated
   cumulus field. Therefore, expect this 2+ inch hail threat to persist
   for at least a few more hours across West Virginia.

   Thunderstorm activity has been limited south of the Ohio River thus
   far, and visible satellite imagery does not appear to indicate
   additional thunderstorms are imminent. However, the environment
   remains uncapped and as mid-level temperatures continue to cool,
   some thunderstorms will be possible along the front this evening.

   ..Bentley/Gleason.. 04/14/2025

   ...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

   ATTN...WFO...LWX...RNK...PBZ...RLX...MRX...JKL...ILN...LMK...

   LAT...LON   38908503 39378376 39618195 39728086 39457988 38847949
               37627973 37048123 36998290 36878407 37048569 37998560
               38908503 

   MOST PROBABLE PEAK TORNADO INTENSITY...UP TO 95 MPH
   MOST PROBABLE PEAK WIND GUST...55-70 MPH
   MOST PROBABLE PEAK HAIL SIZE...2.00-3.50 IN
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mcd0450.png

 

https://www.spc.noaa.gov/products/md/md0450.html

 

Mesoscale Discussion 0450
   NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
   0448 PM CDT Mon Apr 14 2025

   Areas affected...Blue Ridge into central/northern
   Virginia...western/central Maryland...Washington DC

   Concerning...Severe potential...Watch likely 

   Valid 142148Z - 142345Z

   Probability of Watch Issuance...80 percent

   SUMMARY...A threat for damaging winds and large hail will persist
   into the Blue Ridge and eastward this evening. A watch is likely in
   the next hour.

   DISCUSSION...A cluster of storms, including a supercell with a
   history of large to very-large hail, continue to move quickly (45-50
   kts) eastward late this afternoon. Dewpoints near and ahead of these
   storms are in the low 50s F. Models have continued to suggest some
   amount of upscale growth is expected with this activity. Even if
   this does not occur, these fast moving cells/linear segments will be
   capable of swaths of damaging winds and large hail. From the Blue
   Ridge eastward, dewpoints have slowly climbed into the low 50s F
   over the last couple of hours. Based off of current observations,
   dewpoints could increase another 1-2 F prior to storm arrival. There
   will be at least a narrow window where storms could remain surface
   based in the Blue Ridge vicinity. Farther east dewpoints and
   temperatures are lower. With some additional surface cooling
   expected, storms will have greater potential to be slightly elevated
   with eastward extent. However, forecast soundings show a dry
   sub-cloud layer that would support a continued risk of damaging
   downburst winds even with elevated storms. A watch will likely be
   needed in the next hour.

   ..Wendt/Gleason.. 04/14/2025

   ...Please see www.spc.noaa.gov for graphic product...

   ATTN...WFO...AKQ...LWX...RNK...

   LAT...LON   39347923 39647877 39557757 39057689 38407673 37557679
               37447706 37277796 37257910 37497942 39347923 

  MOST PROBABLE PEAK WIND GUST...65-80 MPH
   MOST PROBABLE PEAK HAIL SIZE...1.00-1.75 IN

 

 

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Severe thunderstorm watch to the south and southwest.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE FOR WS 139
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
650 PM EDT MON APR 14 2025

SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 139 IS IN EFFECT UNTIL 100 AM EDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS

VAC003-015-033-047-049-061-065-075-079-085-087-091-099-109-113-
125-137-139-145-153-157-165-171-177-179-187-540-630-660-683-685-
760-790-820-150500-
/O.NEW.KWNS.SV.A.0139.250414T2250Z-250415T0500Z/

VA
.    VIRGINIA COUNTIES INCLUDED ARE

ALBEMARLE            AUGUSTA             CAROLINE
CULPEPER             CUMBERLAND          FAUQUIER
FLUVANNA             GOOCHLAND           GREENE
HANOVER              HENRICO             HIGHLAND
KING GEORGE          LOUISA              MADISON
NELSON               ORANGE              PAGE
POWHATAN             PRINCE WILLIAM      RAPPAHANNOCK
ROCKINGHAM           SHENANDOAH          SPOTSYLVANIA
STAFFORD             WARREN


VIRGINIA INDEPENDENT CITIES INCLUDED ARE

CHARLOTTESVILLE      FREDERICKSBURG      HARRISONBURG
MANASSAS             MANASSAS PARK       RICHMOND
STAUNTON             WAYNESBORO
$$
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50/30 hail probs

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
   Severe Thunderstorm Watch Number 139
   NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
   650 PM EDT Mon Apr 14 2025

   The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

   * Severe Thunderstorm Watch for portions of 
     Northern and Central Virginia
     Eastern West Virginia

   * Effective this Monday night and Tuesday morning from 650 PM
     until 100 AM EDT.

   * Primary threats include...
     Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph likely
     Scattered large hail and isolated very large hail events to 2
       inches in diameter possible

   SUMMARY...Supercells will continue to move eastward this evening
   while posing a threat for large to very large hail up to 1-2 inches
   in diameter. Scattered damaging winds with peak gusts of 60-70 mph
   will also be likely with any clusters that can form while also
   spreading quickly eastward.

   The severe thunderstorm watch area is approximately along and 55
   statute miles north and south of a line from 35 miles northwest of
   Staunton VA to 35 miles north of Richmond VA. For a complete
   depiction of the watch see the associated watch outline update
   (WOUS64 KWNS WOU9).

   PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

   REMEMBER...A Severe Thunderstorm Watch means conditions are
   favorable for severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch area.
   Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for threatening
   weather conditions and listen for later statements and possible
   warnings. Severe thunderstorms can and occasionally do produce
   tornadoes.
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This looks to be turning into exactly what the HRRR forecasted most of the day (save for a few runs). Looks like big time cells go WAY south of the metro areas and then a mod-heavy batch of rainfall sweeps through for the rest of us with some embedded thunder. Credit to the HRRR for actually seemingly getting the idea right way earlier today and sticking to it for the most part. Save for a few off runs last night and one or two during the day today - it held pretty steady once it trended away from the Maryland/DC area Uh tracks. 

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