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2024 Short/Medium Range Severe Weather Discussion


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given the presence of a convergent, moisture-rich, broad
   gradient of instability north of the boundary aligned strongly
   parallel to favorably strong mid/upper winds, large low/middle-level
   lapse rates, and a related reservoir of high buoyancy (MLCAPE of
   3000-5000 J/kg) this activity should evolve quickly upscale to an
   MCS with severe gusts (some over 75 mph) becoming the greatest
   hazard. With a vorticity-laden boundary, and potential for backed
   surface winds and vertical-shear/hodograph enhancement to its north,
   a corridor of relatively maximized tornado potential (from
   supercells and/or QLCS-embedded circulations) also exists -- likely
   narrower than depicted here due to current boundary-position
   uncertainty.  Uncertainty exists also on how far the MCS will travel
   (and whether far enough to qualify as a derecho) before weakening
   tonight. 

 

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2 hours ago, SchaumburgStormer said:

Things really came together overhead last night for a good burst of straight line winds. Sounds like damage from Dekalb through the St Charles/Geneva area before the punch started to wimp out. 

Enough tree limbs down here to crush about half of my garden. It just has not been a good garden year.

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Wonder if there's a play for semi discrete mode for longer this evening. Not like it's unheard of in these setups. And if that were to happen, the forecast soundings are favorable for strong tornadoes.

Sent from my SM-G998U using Tapatalk

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The morning storms over southern Minnesota pushed a boundary down into Iowa.  The boundary stalled wnw-ese through the Cedar Rapids area.  80º dews are piling up along the boundary this afternoon and there is a fair amount of agitation on satellite.

1953757780_ScreenShot2024-07-15at1_59_28PM.thumb.png.b4239b30af0ec43539eeb6f2a88a645c.png

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image.png.58dd05f4f37917105cb435550bc18919.png

 

   SUMMARY...A severe thunderstorm watch is likely later this afternoon
   for portions of Iowa into Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin
   in anticipation of convective initiation, forecast to occur between
   19-21Z. Thunderstorms are expected to grow upscale quickly into a
   bowing line, which will be capable of 80+ MPH winds, though 1.00+
   inch hail and embedded tornadoes are also possible.

   DISCUSSION...A subtle shortwave trough evident in both water vapor
   channel satellite imagery and RAP analyses is progressing eastward
   across southwest Minnesota. This shortwave is expected to provide
   additional ascent for convective initiation between 19-21Z over what
   is already a moist and unstable airmass, with widespread areas of
   MLCAPE > 3500 J/kg. This convective initiation is expected to occur
   anywhere from southern Minnesota, along the existing band of
   cloudiness, to central Iowa, where MLCINH has already eroded.  

   Forecast profiles in north-central Iowa around the time of
   convective initiation show some slight curvature of the hodograph,
   resulting in modest 0-3km SRH of around 120 m^2/s^2. This will
   support the potential for tornadoes with any storms that remain
   isolated/discrete, but the overall expectation is for rapid upscale
   growth into a bowing MCS. The primary concern this evening is for
   damaging straight-line winds in excess of 80 MPH associated with
   this MCS, in addition to 1.00+ inch hail.

   Further east into Illinois, forecast hodographs show more favorable
   curvature and streamwise vorticity along and south of the surface
   boundary. Given the environment and expected storm mode, embedded
   QLCS tornadoes appear possible.
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Conditions continue to look favorable for a QLCS with damaging
winds across much of the CWA this evening. Given combination of
extreme instability and moderate shear, cannot rule out some
swaths of significant wind damage with gusts over 75mph in spots.
In addition, strengthening low level jet this evening should
result in favorable environment for QLCS type tornadoes as well.

Finally, PWATs over 2" and very high freezing levels will result
in storms being extreme efficient heavy rainfall producers
capable of hourly rainfall rates of 2-3" per hour. Should any
"warm air advection" wing type cells develop ahead of the
approaching QLCS or upwind propagating storms develop on the tail
end of the QLCS, then they would pose a potentially significant
flash flood threat. Think it is likely that a (flash) flood watch
will eventually be needed for portions of the CWA once the
mesoscale evolution of things becomes clearer this afternoon. Of
particular concern would be areas near and north of I-88, from the
Rockford into the Chicago metro where there have been multiple
rounds of heavy rain over the weekend, making them particularly
susceptible to flash flooding with any heavy rainfall.

- Izzi

 

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Upgrade to moderate flash flooding risk this evening for Rockford and Chicago. It will all depend on how progressive this evening's line is and if we see a significant WAA wing and/or training occurring on the back end.

 

image.gif.14104f35588d7e75b6039e361c5abbbe.gif

 

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In coordination with the local Chicago WFO, a targeted upgrade to a Moderate Risk was made to encompass much of Northern IL, including the Rockford and Chicago metro areas. Previous 48 hrs have been impactful across the aforementioned area with locally 5-10" of rainfall from a succession of three MCS as they moved through the area. Despite the overall progressive nature of the expected complex later today, the antecedent conditions coupled with rates of 1-3"/hr over very saturated soils and flood prone urban corridors were enough to warrant a targeted upgrade to the MDT risk across that area.

 

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Day 1 Convective Outlook  
   NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
   0300 PM CDT Mon Jul 15 2024

   Valid 152000Z - 161200Z

   ...THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS
   OF EASTERN IOWA...EXTREME SOUTHERN WISCONSIN...NORTHERN
   ILLINOIS...AND FAR NORTHWEST INDIANA...

   ...THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS PORTIONS OF
   THE CENTRAL PLAINS...AND ACROSS PARTS OF NEW YORK...PENNSYLVANIA AND
   FAR NORTHERN NEW JERSEY...

   ...SUMMARY...
   Severe thunderstorms are expected through this evening across
   portions of the Midwest, central High Plains, lower Great Lakes, and
   Arizona.  The greatest potential for severe gusts is over eastern
   Iowa into Illinois and Indiana.

   ...Midwest...

   Both tornado and wind probabilities have been increased with the 20z
   update to 10 percent, and 45 percent SIG, respectively. Latest
   satellite imagery shows a modified outflow boundary draped across
   far eastern IA into northern IL. A very moist airmass with dewpoints
   in the mid/upper 70s amid strong heating is resulting in a corridor
   or strong to extreme instability across the region. Favorable
   vertical shear will support initial supercells, organizing into a
   bowing MCS with time as low-level flow remains orthogonal to the
   developing band of storms. The greatest severe wind potential is
   expected along the instability gradient in the vicinity of the
   remnant outflow boundary, extending from far eastern IA into extreme
   southern WI, northern IL, and far northwest IN into this evening.
   Widespread gusts of 60-70 mph are expected, with some gusts to 85
   mph possible. Given favorable low-level shear, mesovortex tornadoes
   are likely along and near the apex of the developing bow late this
   afternoon into evening. 

   For short term details on severe potential across this area,
   reference MCD 1630.
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15 minutes ago, MidwestChaser said:

I wonder if the watch will be PDS.

Regular 

 

   URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
   Severe Thunderstorm Watch Number 539
   NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
   320 PM CDT Mon Jul 15 2024

   The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

   * Severe Thunderstorm Watch for portions of 
     Central and Eastern Iowa
     Northwest Illinois
     Northeast Missouri
     Southwest Wisconsin

   * Effective this Monday afternoon and evening from 320 PM until
     1100 PM CDT.

   * Primary threats include...
     Widespread damaging winds and isolated significant gusts to 85
       mph likely
     Scattered large hail likely with isolated very large hail events
       to 2.5 inches in diameter possible
     A tornado or two possible

   SUMMARY...Intense thunderstorms will soon develop across Iowa in a
   very moist and unstable air mass.  Activity will track eastward and
   organize into a fast-moving bowing cluster, capable of very damaging
   wind gusts and large hail.  A tornado or two is also possible across
   this region.

   The severe thunderstorm watch area is approximately along and 85
   statute miles north and south of a line from 25 miles west of Des
   Moines IA to 5 miles east southeast of Rockford IL. For a complete
   depiction of the watch see the associated watch outline update
   (WOUS64 KWNS WOU9).

   PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

   REMEMBER...A Severe Thunderstorm Watch means conditions are
   favorable for severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch area.
   Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for threatening
   weather conditions and listen for later statements and possible
   warnings. Severe thunderstorms can and occasionally do produce
   tornadoes.

   &&
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