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Winter Begins Jan 20th AWT


40/70 Benchmark

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Just now, OceanStWx said:

That's pretty much the range of what we have now. Could be one of those fairly uniform spreads where dendrites are falling in the low QPF to the north, while the beefy QPF is lower ratio.

Brian and i had that same convo a page or so back some higher ratio 12-15:1 then back to 10:1

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12 hours ago, ORH_wxman said:

If the cold layer is pretty deep (800-1000m or more) and at least -8C or so...then you can start refreezing them pretty easily...esp since you start to get poorly formed ice crystals in the cold layer for the drops to freeze onto when you are colder than -8C. But that will be much tougher if the drops are warm...so the warmer/deeper the elevated warm layer, the better for preventing that.

Though admittedly, those conditions become hard to achieve the further you swing into one extreme,....usually a 4-5C warm layer will have a shallower layer of colder underneath it that has a hard time reaching -8C or being deeper than 800m.

Another way to look at it is positive and negative energy (you take/need positive energy to melt, you release/lose energy to freeze). At 12z Sunday at BDL the NAM has almost twice as much negative energy than positive. So you are more likely to totally refreeze the hydrometeors in that scenario. Once positive energy > negative the hydrometeors won't have enough negative energy to refreeze completely.

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