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Here is the European update for ENSO - looks to me like no real change in Nino 3.4. The predicted decline in Nino 4 has been shown for several months now and is much more interesting. The Jamstec site is changing looks like, so might be a little late to update this month.

Image

Long term, the pattern still appears to be cycling through at about a 104 day lag. I had a storm exactly 104 days ago yesterday in October.

Image

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Weeklies continue to show decay in Nino 3.4. It's hard to say if it will last - the subsurface animation is down. My suspicion is it won't.

                Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 15JAN2020     24.2-0.2     25.6-0.1     27.0 0.4     29.2 0.9
 22JAN2020     24.6-0.2     25.8 0.0     26.9 0.3     29.1 0.9
 29JAN2020     25.3 0.2     26.1 0.2     27.4 0.8     29.3 1.1
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9

~Record positive Arctic Oscillation in February with near record warmth in Nino 4 is an interesting/unusual combination for February. The two are opposite temperature signals for the US in March in large areas of the US. On the monthly data sets, February 1990, 1992, 1995, 2015, 2019 are similar, but the AO wasn't super positive in January in these years generally. The Oct 16-Nov 15 pattern has shown up, shifted West for February, so I'd expect Nov 16-Dec 15 to show up for March, shifted in some way. The warm storm forecast for me late this week is on track with the warm/wet storm on November 6th, roughly a 3.5 month lag still, generally +104 days, +/-3 is verifying pretty well.

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In an SOI sense, a big -SOI in Dec, near 0 SOI in Jan, and then a big -SOI in Feb is fairly unusual. This blend is broadly consistent with my analogs - with a warm West for March. 2012-13 is objectively the closest match in the past 100 years, but I prefer this blend.

Year    Dec    Jan    Feb
2019    -6.7    0.7    -7.3            
1953    -5.8     5.0     -5.2
1980    -2.2     2.1     -4.2
1980    -2.2     2.1     -4.2
1987    -5.8     -1.5    -6.2
2002    -13.4   -2.0    -9.3
2002    -13.4   -2.0    -9.3
Blend   -7.1     0.6     -6.4

For the subsurface, 100-180W, 0-300m down, these are likely top matches for Dec-Feb:

jph4Zol.png

100-180W Dec Jan Feb
2004 0.79 0.52 0.59
1992 0.19 0.27 0.28
2001 0.17 0.95 0.78
1992 0.19 0.27 0.28
Mean 0.34 0.50 0.48
2019 0.34 0.51 0.50

Take your pick for March - the second blend is much closer to the analogs I used for Spring (1954, 1993, 2005, 2019 for MAM), and March 2020 (1954, 2004, 2005). 1981 is actually a decent match for the subsurface too. March 2013 also looks fairly close to the left map, and it is the top SOI blend.

1mBlpgH.png

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Waters below Nino 3.4 aren't as warm as last year, but I can't really see a rapid collapse in Nino 3.4 temperatures either, at least until April.

fA5Ag4c.png

Warmth in Nino 3.4 in March is a strong warm signal for the US later in Summer, especially August-September. Probably not as warm as last Summer though, which followed one of the warmest Nino 3.4 Springs on record, I think it was 7th since 1950 for warmth.

72lQV9z.png

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We're likely warm enough in February now (27.1C or so), with enough warmth below Nino 3.4 for this event to be classified as an El Nino. CPC uses 26.58C as the Nino 3.4 baseline for average.

               Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 04DEC2019     22.5 0.1     25.3 0.2     26.9 0.3     29.4 0.9
 11DEC2019     23.1 0.5     25.5 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.5 1.0
 18DEC2019     23.3 0.4     25.5 0.3     27.2 0.6     29.5 1.1
 25DEC2019     23.6 0.3     25.5 0.2     27.0 0.4     29.5 1.0
 01JAN2020     23.7 0.1     25.7 0.3     27.2 0.7     29.6 1.2
 08JAN2020     24.3 0.2     25.9 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.3 1.0
 15JAN2020     24.2-0.2     25.6-0.1     27.0 0.4     29.2 0.9
 22JAN2020     24.6-0.2     25.8 0.0     26.9 0.3     29.1 0.9
 29JAN2020     25.3 0.2     26.1 0.2     27.4 0.8     29.3 1.1
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1

Long term, the near record warmth in Nino 4 in February, and very positive AO in February are opposite signals for US temperatures in March - should be interesting to watch how that plays out. The subsurface does imply Nino 4 may cool soon, fairly rapidly, in which case the AO may take over completely.

Equatorial Pacific Temperature Depth Anomalies Animation

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Subsurface for Dec-Feb, in the 100-180W zone at the equator, 0-300m below the surface, is like a blend of 1992-93 (x2), 2001-02 (x2), 2004-05, 2014-15.

Of course, that blend featured a cold East/warm West. https://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ocean/index/heat_content_index.txt

The closest objective year for the subsurface was 1985-86 - a very hot West to merely warm East in March. But the heat core should be east of March 1986 in 2020. 

100-180W Dec Jan Feb
1992 0.19 0.27 0.28
1992 0.19 0.27 0.28
2001 0.17 0.95 0.78
2001 0.17 0.95 0.78
2004 0.79 0.52 0.59
2014 0.54 0.15 0.83
Mean 0.34 0.52 0.59
2019 0.34 0.51 0.56
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2019    9.02    9.25   11.82   13.36   14.59   14.36   10.96    9.97    8.25    7.27    5.07    1.66
2020   -2.51   -3.20 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00 -999.00

QBO updated - still looks like 2002-03 and 2004-05.

It's a 27.15C El Nino by the looks of it for winter - just about +0.55C to +0.60C by the standard CPC uses if the final Nino 3.4 value is 27.15C.
The waters below Nino 3.4 are still warm, but the cold is definitely building around that area. Using the 1951-2010 means for Nino 3.4, the Oct-Feb period has been an El Nino.

                 Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 04DEC2019     22.5 0.1     25.3 0.2     26.9 0.3     29.4 0.9
 11DEC2019     23.1 0.5     25.5 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.5 1.0
 18DEC2019     23.3 0.4     25.5 0.3     27.2 0.6     29.5 1.1
 25DEC2019     23.6 0.3     25.5 0.2     27.0 0.4     29.5 1.0
 01JAN2020     23.7 0.1     25.7 0.3     27.2 0.7     29.6 1.2
 08JAN2020     24.3 0.2     25.9 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.3 1.0
 15JAN2020     24.2-0.2     25.6-0.1     27.0 0.4     29.2 0.9
 22JAN2020     24.6-0.2     25.8 0.0     26.9 0.3     29.1 0.9
 29JAN2020     25.3 0.2     26.1 0.2     27.4 0.8     29.3 1.1
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1
 26FEB2020     27.2 1.0     27.1 0.4     27.4 0.5     29.1 1.0

Winters are generally warm after El Ninos in the US along the West Coast, this year was no exception. More interesting to see the lack of cold in the blue zones, but that's likely because most El Ninos are followed by La Ninas. The pattern in February is pretty close to what I had for whole winter (warm coasts, cold interior NW, through the Rockies and southern/central plains, but not into MT, ND, SD) but unfortunately it came too late.

dK682F4.png

 

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I know the models continue to show a La Nina, but Nino 4 remains at essentially record warmth, and the subsurface (100-180W, down to 200m-300m) is still very warm.

                Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1
 26FEB2020     27.2 1.0     27.1 0.4     27.4 0.5     29.1 1.0
 04MAR2020     27.5 1.1     26.9 0.1     27.5 0.5     29.3 1.1

My Spring analogs actually point to a pretty bad hurricane season, and they had March pretty warm centered on the middle of the US, which seems right. Will be interesting to see how hurricane season plays out.

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                Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 18DEC2019     23.3 0.4     25.5 0.3     27.2 0.6     29.5 1.1
 25DEC2019     23.6 0.3     25.5 0.2     27.0 0.4     29.5 1.0
 01JAN2020     23.7 0.1     25.7 0.3     27.2 0.7     29.6 1.2
 08JAN2020     24.3 0.2     25.9 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.3 1.0
 15JAN2020     24.2-0.2     25.6-0.1     27.0 0.4     29.2 0.9
 22JAN2020     24.6-0.2     25.8 0.0     26.9 0.3     29.1 0.9
 29JAN2020     25.3 0.2     26.1 0.2     27.4 0.8     29.3 1.1
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1
 26FEB2020     27.2 1.0     27.1 0.4     27.4 0.5     29.1 1.0
 04MAR2020     27.5 1.1     27.0 0.1     27.5 0.5     29.3 1.1
 11MAR2020     26.7 0.3     27.5 0.5     27.7 0.5     29.3 1.2

Still an El Nino. Subsurface is around +0.5 for 100-180W down to 300m below the surface.

 

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                Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1
 26FEB2020     27.2 1.0     27.1 0.4     27.4 0.5     29.1 1.0
 04MAR2020     27.5 1.1     27.0 0.1     27.5 0.5     29.3 1.1
 11MAR2020     26.7 0.3     27.5 0.5     27.7 0.5     29.3 1.2
 18MAR2020     26.9 0.5     27.6 0.4     28.1 0.8     29.4 1.2
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Despite CPC kicking and screaming about calling this an El Nino, JFM will once again be at least +0.5C in an ONI sense, for the fourth trimester. If April doesn't fall below +0.5, it becomes an El Nino officially. CPC uses 27.2C as the Nino 3.4 baseline for average in March. March should be around 27.8C. Since the numbers are rounded, April probably only needs to hit +0.35C for this to be considered an El Nino event, as that would be enough for +0.5C in FMA. Subsurface heat content for 100-180W is still around +0.5 in March too.

                Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
25SEP2019      20.0-0.5     24.8-0.1     27.2 0.5     29.7 1.1
 02OCT2019     20.0-0.6     25.1 0.3     27.2 0.5     29.7 1.0
 09OCT2019     19.7-1.0     24.8-0.1     27.1 0.4     29.5 0.9
 16OCT2019     20.6-0.2     25.3 0.4     27.5 0.8     29.7 1.1
 23OCT2019     19.7-1.3     25.0 0.1     27.3 0.6     29.7 1.0
 30OCT2019     20.8-0.4     25.4 0.5     27.4 0.7     29.6 0.9
 06NOV2019     20.7-0.6     25.2 0.3     27.2 0.5     29.3 0.7
 13NOV2019     20.9-0.6     25.6 0.6     27.4 0.8     29.6 0.9
 20NOV2019     21.7-0.1     25.6 0.6     27.4 0.7     29.5 1.0
 27NOV2019     22.5 0.4     25.4 0.4     27.0 0.4     29.3 0.8
 04DEC2019     22.5 0.1     25.3 0.2     26.9 0.3     29.4 0.9
 11DEC2019     23.1 0.5     25.5 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.5 1.0
 18DEC2019     23.3 0.4     25.5 0.3     27.2 0.6     29.5 1.1
 25DEC2019     23.6 0.3     25.5 0.2     27.0 0.4     29.5 1.0
 01JAN2020     23.7 0.1     25.7 0.3     27.2 0.7     29.6 1.2
 08JAN2020     24.3 0.2     25.9 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.3 1.0
 15JAN2020     24.2-0.2     25.6-0.1     27.0 0.4     29.2 0.9
 22JAN2020     24.6-0.2     25.8 0.0     26.9 0.3     29.1 0.9
 29JAN2020     25.3 0.2     26.1 0.2     27.4 0.8     29.3 1.1
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1
 26FEB2020     27.2 1.0     27.1 0.4     27.4 0.5     29.1 1.0
 04MAR2020     27.5 1.1     27.0 0.1     27.5 0.5     29.3 1.1
 11MAR2020     26.7 0.3     27.5 0.5     27.7 0.5     29.3 1.2
 18MAR2020     26.9 0.5     27.6 0.4     28.1 0.8     29.4 1.2
 25MAR2020     27.0 0.8     27.5 0.3     27.9 0.5     28.9 0.6
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Winds continue to favor pushing the near surface layer West at a faster rate (0-75M).

 

This will slowly decay the warm layer near the surface East of 160W.

While a cool pool tries to develop around 160-140W towards the SA coast.

 

Gently sloping from 150M-75M subsurface(160-130W) sloping towards the surface in the nino 1-2 area.

150-180E/W looks to gain heat subsurface.

1730753076_u_anom_30.5S-5N(1).thumb.gif.46490da1f2e8e2d6f0256d3429cbdb5c.gif

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Year

DJF

JFM

FMA

MAM

AMJ

MJJ

JJA

JAS

ASO

SON

OND

NDJ

2010 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.6 -1.0 -1.4 -1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.6
2011 -1.4 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.9 -1.1 -1.1 -1.0
2012 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.2
2013 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3
2014 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7
2015 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.6
2016 2.5 2.2 1.7 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6
2017 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.9 -1.0
2018 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.8
2019 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.5

Year

DJF

JFM

FMA

MAM

AMJ

MJJ

JJA

JAS

ASO

SON

OND

NDJ

2020 0.5 0.5
 YR   MON  TOTAL ClimAdjust ANOM 
2019  10   27.20   26.75    0.45
2019  11   27.23   26.75    0.48
2019  12   27.12   26.65    0.47
2020   1   27.15   26.45    0.70
2020   2   27.12   26.66    0.45
2020   3   27.69   27.21    0.48

CPC has this a +0.54C El Nino for JFM. Its pretty likely FMA will be warm enough to make this an El Nino, as Nino 3.4 is still pretty warm.

It's still six weeks early for this to be final for the West, but here is an early look at how well my snowfall map did - big bust for the big cities in the NE, but even there I had New England near average. Pretty happy with it overall, for something issued in early October. High mountains in the Rockies, NW were snowy, TX/mid-south generally below average, save West Texas. California was snowier than expected. Midwest was generally snowy where I had it - Dakotas, Missouri, Nebraska, Illinois, etc. Been pretty happy with my Spring Outlook so far too. 

Image

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                Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 04MAR2020     27.5 1.1     27.0 0.1     27.5 0.5     29.3 1.1
 11MAR2020     26.7 0.3     27.5 0.5     27.7 0.5     29.3 1.2
 18MAR2020     26.9 0.5     27.6 0.4     28.1 0.8     29.4 1.2
 25MAR2020     27.0 0.8     27.5 0.3     27.9 0.5     28.9 0.6
 01APR2020     26.8 0.8     27.9 0.6     28.1 0.6     29.1 0.7

Still El Nino warmth. Cold is really deepening below though.

 

Equatorial Pacific Temperature Depth Anomalies Animation

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Still El Nino.

               Nino1+2      Nino3        Nino34        Nino4
 Week          SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA     SST SSTA
 25SEP2019     20.0-0.5     24.8-0.1     27.2 0.5     29.7 1.1
 02OCT2019     20.0-0.6     25.1 0.3     27.2 0.5     29.7 1.0
 09OCT2019     19.7-1.0     24.8-0.1     27.1 0.4     29.5 0.9
 16OCT2019     20.6-0.2     25.3 0.4     27.5 0.8     29.7 1.1
 23OCT2019     19.7-1.3     25.0 0.1     27.3 0.6     29.7 1.0
 30OCT2019     20.8-0.4     25.4 0.5     27.4 0.7     29.6 0.9
 06NOV2019     20.7-0.6     25.2 0.3     27.2 0.5     29.3 0.7
 13NOV2019     20.9-0.6     25.6 0.6     27.4 0.8     29.6 0.9
 20NOV2019     21.7-0.1     25.6 0.6     27.4 0.7     29.5 1.0
 27NOV2019     22.5 0.4     25.4 0.4     27.0 0.4     29.3 0.8
 04DEC2019     22.5 0.1     25.3 0.2     26.9 0.3     29.4 0.9
 11DEC2019     23.1 0.5     25.5 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.5 1.0
 18DEC2019     23.3 0.4     25.5 0.3     27.2 0.6     29.5 1.1
 25DEC2019     23.6 0.3     25.5 0.2     27.0 0.4     29.5 1.0
 01JAN2020     23.7 0.1     25.7 0.3     27.2 0.7     29.6 1.2
 08JAN2020     24.3 0.2     25.9 0.4     27.1 0.5     29.3 1.0
 15JAN2020     24.2-0.2     25.6-0.1     27.0 0.4     29.2 0.9
 22JAN2020     24.6-0.2     25.8 0.0     26.9 0.3     29.1 0.9
 29JAN2020     25.3 0.2     26.1 0.2     27.4 0.8     29.3 1.1
 05FEB2020     26.4 0.8     26.1 0.0     26.9 0.2     29.3 1.2
 12FEB2020     26.1 0.1     26.6 0.3     26.8 0.1     28.9 0.9
 19FEB2020     26.5 0.3     26.7 0.2     27.4 0.6     29.2 1.1
 26FEB2020     27.2 1.0     27.1 0.4     27.4 0.5     29.1 1.0
 04MAR2020     27.5 1.1     27.0 0.1     27.5 0.5     29.3 1.1
 11MAR2020     26.7 0.3     27.5 0.5     27.7 0.5     29.3 1.2
 18MAR2020     26.9 0.5     27.6 0.4     28.1 0.8     29.4 1.2
 25MAR2020     27.0 0.8     27.5 0.3     27.9 0.5     28.9 0.6
 01APR2020     26.8 0.8     27.9 0.6     28.1 0.6     29.1 0.7
 08APR2020     26.5 0.8     28.0 0.6     28.2 0.6     29.4 1.0
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On 4/1/2020 at 1:53 AM, raindancewx said:

Image

Canadian has given up on a La Nina for 2020-21. New run is on the left. Would probably be a -0.3C winter given what it shows. Previously it had a La Nina developing June-July, now it kind of has it developing in August and ending pretty fast.

And I hope it does end fast (or better yet not happen at all! :D) Sorry, MA bias...lol

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The AMO (+0.363) for March, and PDO for March (-0.82) combination is the worst possible outcome for the Southwest to get a lot of precipitation long-term, especially if a La Nina does develop. The ideal is a -AMO, with a positive PDO. We're opposite that now.

I'm still pretty skeptical of a La Nina. Nino 4 is real warm for a La Nina to develop. I think it needs until June to fall to average warmth, even with rapid cooling.

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