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September 9th-10th Severe Threat


andyhb

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Deep convection festering closer to the better instability down in northern MO really saved eastern IA/northern IL from a significant rainfall event tonight.  Most of the rains in this area have been pretty wimpy, with little to no thunder.  Still haven't breached the inch mark here, and radar returns continue to decline.  Just goes to show how unpredictable weather can be when dealing with convection. 

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Wow, that would be something if it were to be correct. Some pretty stout cells form on the warm front and cold front.

NMM and ARW from NCEP are similar.

 

For now, I'm holding to my guns based on past experience, but to be honest, something doesn't feel right here.  It's not comforting seeing the high res guidance tonight.

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They seem to be handling the current convection very well.

Yes they are.  And another point that is interesting to think about...the H5 T at TOP at 00z was -5°C...700-500 LR was only 6.2 K/km (and was only 5.9 K/km at 18z), but look at what happened out there.  It's not going to get nearly as hot tomorrow, but the system is going to be somewhat stronger.  I still don't like how quickly the low-level flow veers and I think it has a very distinct chance of quelling a majority of the severe threat, but given the good spinup these high res runs had this evening and what we've seen this evening, I'm not quite as comfortable with my position on tomorrow's threat as I have felt the last couple days.

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To illustrate the change in my tune, let's compare forecast soundings from the GFS at 21z tomorrow at Crawfordsville, IN.  The first one here is from the 12z GFS.

 

post-97-0-64881800-1410327063_thumb.png

 

Note the rapid/dramatic veering of flow in the low-level, a component to the hodograph that I've seen in several failed severe wx potential setups.  This sort of veering is often associated with departing synoptic forcing (the lifting out of a low or trough) and can be accompanied with a lack of forcing for ascent.  Now look at the hodo from the same location and time from the 00z GFS.

 

post-97-0-59060600-1410327073_thumb.png

 

This is a much more balanced hodo, with stronger low-level flow, not as "squashed" looking as the hodo from 12z, and actually looks pretty darn good in the low-levels, albeit slightly tilted from what you'd normally expect.  What it tells me is that the forcing for ascent is more likely to stick around and support organized convection than I originally thought for tomorrow, and the high-res simulations certainly indicate that.

 

I'm not all-in yet on this.  I want to see how the overnight and morning convection really evolves, what happens to the synoptic system (how strong does it get and where does it track, etc.).  But I think it's time for me to be open to the idea of a potential for an event more significant than I originally thought.

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I guess they decided not to look at 00z model suite...

 

FORECAST SOUNDINGS ACROSS THE WARM SECTOR AT 00Z/THURSDAY FOR

INDIANAPOLIS INDIANA AND ST LOUIS MO SHOW MLCAPE IN THE 1200 TO 2000

J/KG RANGE WITH SFC DEWPOINTS IN THE LOWER 70S F. THIS COMBINED WITH

UNIDIRECTIONAL WINDS AND AMPLE SPEED SHEAR IN THE MID-LEVELS SHOULD

BE FAVORABLE FOR SQUALL-LINE DEVELOPMENT.

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I guess they decided not to look at 00z model suite...

I wouldn't do much differently yet despite what I've posted above.  Overnight evolution is going to be really key to anything, and despite the models appearing to handle it well so far, I don't trust them.  If I were to make any sort of changes, I would probably just expand the 2% tornado risk east and northeastward and MAYBE add a 5% risk in central IN, but they can always do that at 1300 UTC if convective trends appear on track with the high-res guidance.

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I wouldn't do much differently yet despite what I've posted above.  Overnight evolution is going to be really key to anything, and despite the models appearing to handle it well so far, I don't trust them.  If I were to make any sort of changes, I would probably just expand the 2% tornado risk east and northeastward and MAYBE add a 5% risk in central IN, but they can always do that at 1300 UTC if convective trends appear on track with the high-res guidance.

 

Good point, I did kind of shoot from the hip there with my post.

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Some big totals from western IL and northeast MO.

 

0630 AM HEAVY RAIN 4 NE RUSHVILLE 40.16N 90.51W
09/10/2014 M6.96 INCH SCHUYLER IL CO-OP OBSERVER

 

0600 AM HEAVY RAIN EDINA 40.17N 92.17W
09/10/2014 M7.26 INCH KNOX MO CO-OP OBSERVER

 

0556 AM HEAVY RAIN LEWISTOWN 40.08N 91.81W
09/10/2014 M8.10 INCH LEWIS MO EMERGENCY MNGR

 

0415 AM HEAVY RAIN 7 N PARIS 39.58N 92.00W
09/10/2014 M6.48 INCH MONROE MO MESONET

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The strong convection down south cut off the moisture transport into the northern half of Iowa, so the system was a big bust for some.  I don't think there was even one rumble of thunder here.  A long-duration light to moderate rain was able to drop 1.19" in my yard overnight, a far cry from what we could've received, but still my best rain in two months.  My two-day total is 2.18".

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Never high hopes for here...and the rainfall will turn out to be pretty meh in the LAF.

 

Newest day one outlook trims some off the western edges.

 

 

DAY 1 CONVECTIVE OUTLOOK  
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK  
0756 AM CDT WED SEP 10 2014  
 
VALID 101300Z - 111200Z  

 
...THERE IS A SLGT RISK OF SVR TSTMS SRN GREAT LAKES REGION TO MO  
OZARKS...  
   
..SUMMARY
 
 
SCATTERED TO NUMEROUS THUNDERSTORMS...SOME SEVERE...ARE EXPECTED TO  
DEVELOP NEAR A COLD FRONT FROM THE SOUTHERN GREAT LAKES REGION  
SOUTHWESTWARD INTO THE MID MISSISSIPPI VALLEY AND OZARKS. DAMAGING  
WINDS WILL BE THE PRIMARY THREAT THIS AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING.  
   
..SYNOPSIS
 
 
BROADLY CYCLONIC FLOW WILL CHARACTERIZE MID-UPPER-LEVEL PATTERN OVER  
ROUGHLY NRN 1/2 OF CONUS THROUGH PERIOD. EMBEDDED WITHIN  
THAT...SHORTWAVE TROUGH NOW OVER PORTIONS MN/IA/NEB WILL MOVE ENEWD  
TO ERN LS...ERN UPPER MI AND NRN LM BY 00Z. THIS FEATURE SHOULD  
CROSS QUE/ONT BORDER REGION S OF JAMES BAY NEAR END OF  
PERIOD...LEADING A NARROW/WEAK 500-MB VORTICITY RIBBON AS FAR SWWD  
AS NRN OK...CENTRAL NM AND SRN AZ. UPSTREAM PERTURBATION CURRENTLY  
OVER WRN MT...AND AHEAD OF MUCH STRONGER CANADIAN TROUGH -- WILL  
MOVE EWD ACROSS NRN HIGH PLAINS TODAY...REACHING NRN MN OVERNIGHT.  
STRONGEST SHORTWAVE PERTURBATION -- NOW EVIDENT IN MOISTURE-CHANNEL  
IMAGERY OVER CANADIAN ROCKIES OF SERN BC/SWRN AB -- WILL MOVE SEWD  
ACROSS WRN MT AND NRN ID THROUGH 12Z.  
 
AT SFC...11Z ANALYSIS SHOWED PRIMARY CYCLONE OVER ERN IA.  
ASSOCIATED LOW WILL DEEPEN AND MOVE NEWD ALONG SYNOPTIC-SCALE  
BAROCLINIC ZONE...REACHING NRN LOWER MI BY 00Z AND CROSSING QUE/ONT  
BORDER DURING 06-12Z TIME FRAME. TRAILING COLD FRONT -- ANALYZED  
FROM IA LOW SWWD ACROSS NWRN MO...ERN KS...NWRN OK AND SRN PANHANDLE  
OF TX -- SHOULD REACH NWRN INDIANA...ERN MO...SERN OK AND SERN NM BY  
00Z. AT END OF PERIOD...FRONT SHOULD LIE NEAR  
BUF...CMH...DYR...SEP...INK LINE.  
   
..SRN GREAT LAKES REGION TO MO OZARKS
 
 
TWO OR MORE PRIMARY BANDS OF TSTMS SHOULD MOVE EWD ACROSS AREAS FROM  
ERN MO TO OH TODAY...ALONG AND AHEAD OF SFC COLD FRONT. ONE OF  
THESE STG-SVR CONVECTIVE EPISODES MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH ZONE OF  
LOW-LEVEL LIFT RELATED TO ACTIVITY NOW CROSSING FROM MO INTO  
IL...MOVING/SPREADING ENEWD INTO DIURNALLY DESTABILIZING AND  
FAVORABLY MOIST AIR MASS ACROSS PORTIONS INDIANA...LOWER MI AND  
WRN/NRN OH. ADDITIONAL DEVELOPMENT IS POSSIBLE THIS AFTN OVER PARTS  
OF SRN/ERN MO AND CENTRAL/SRN IL...CLOSER TO COLD FRONT AND IN ZONE  
OF DESTABILIZATION BEHIND THINNEST PART OF MORNING CONVECTION. MAIN  
THREAT WILL BE DAMAGING GUSTS...ALTHOUGH SPORADIC HAIL MAY OCCUR AND  
A TORNADO CANNOT BE RULED OUT. FOREGOING AIR MASS WILL REMAIN  
CHARACTERIZED BY PW CLOSE TO 2 INCHES...MODEST MIDLEVEL LAPSE  
RATES...SFC DEW POINTS 60S TO LOW 70S F...AND PATCHES/SWATHS OF  
VARIABLY STG INSOLATION/HEATING.  
 
BECAUSE OF THOSE WEAK LAPSE RATES...ONLY ABOUT 800-1500 J/KG MLCAPE  
WILL DEVELOP IN MOST OF THIS CORRIDOR...LOCALLY NEAR 2000 J/KG WHERE  
HEATING IS MOST INTENSE/SUSTAINED. 30-40-KT EFFECTIVE-SHEAR  
MAGNITUDES AND ELONGATED LOW-LEVEL HODOGRAPHS ARE FCST...WITH ONLY  
MODEST DIRECTIONAL SHEAR DUE TO SWLY FLOW AHEAD OF BOTH FRONT AND  
CONVECTIVE BANDS. THIS WILL SUPPORT CONTINUED DOMINANCE OF  
QUASI-LINEAR CONVECTIVE MODE AND RESULTANT WEIGHT TOWARD DAMAGING  
WIND AS MAIN CONCERN. STILL...STRENGTH OF LLJ IS EXPECTED TO BE  
MAINTAINED AT 45-60 KT THROUGHOUT DAYLIGHT HOURS FROM ERN IL INTO  
PORTIONS LOWER MI AND OH...AS LOW-LEVEL CYCLONE DEEPENS TO ITS W AND  
NW. THIS WILL ELONGATE/ENLARGE LOW-LEVEL HODOGRAPHS AND OFFER AT  
LEAST MRGL/CONDITIONAL TORNADO POTENTIAL...STRONGLY DEPENDENT ON  
CONVECTIVE MODE.  
 
ONGOING CLOUD/PRECIP PLUME WIDENS NEWD...WITH LONGER PROJECTED  
TRAJECTORIES NEEDING TO PASS THROUGH CONVECTIVELY MODIFIED AIR IN  
PREFRONTAL SECTOR. AS SUCH...AIR MASS BEHIND THIS PLUME WILL BE  
LESS LIKELY TO DESTABILIZE SUBSTANTIALLY TODAY WITH NWD EXTENT...AND  
UNCONDITIONAL SVR PROBABILITIES ON NW RIM OF ORIGINAL OUTLOOK HAVE  
BEEN TRIMMED ACCORDINGLY.  
   
..OZARKS TO RED RIVER REGION
 
 
ALTHOUGH MIDLEVEL LAPSE RATES WILL INCREASE WITH SWWD EXTENT...SO  
WILL CAPPING AT BASE OF ASSOCIATED EML. FOR THIS  
REASON...CONVECTION INITIATION IS EXPECTED LATER OVER RED RIVER AREA  
THAN IN OZARKS...HOWEVER SCATTERED TSTMS SHOULD FORM NEAR FRONT BY  
00Z. DEEP SHEAR AND MID-UPPER SUPPORT EACH WILL DIMINISH WITH SWWD  
EXTENT...AS WILL LOW-LEVEL CONVERGENCE. NONETHELESS...COMBINATION  
OF STRONGER SFC HEATING THAN FARTHER NE...AND AVAILABLE FRONTAL  
LIFT...SHOULD SUPPORT STRAND OF CONVECTION ATOP WELL-MIXED SUBCLOUD  
LAYER...AND ATTENDANT POTENTIAL FOR ISOLATED STG-SVR GUSTS AND WIND  
DAMAGE. INCREASING NEAR-SFC STATIC STABILITY AND MLCINH AFTER DARK  
WILL REDUCE THIS THREAT WITH TIME.  
 
..EDWARDS/LEITMAN.. 09/10/2014

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