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2014 Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover Thread


The_Global_Warmer

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It's not as simple as solar radiation albedo. You realize that snowcover extent effects air temperatures at night too, right? Snow cover extends much further south in the winter, and the greater the snow cover, the easier it is to generate very cold air masses further south.

 

Yes obviously snowcover anomalies in winter effect OUR weather more (ie 'cold air masses further south). But snowcover anomalies in June effect Siberian air temperatures tremendously. 

 

 

 

 

The fact that there is more snow coverage in winter is irrelevant so stop bringing this point up. The anomalies in summer are just as large as the anomalies in winter in areal coverage. 5 million sq km is 5 million sq km in both summer and winter. 

 

 

And in terms of global temperatures, it is as simple as albedo. The insolation change in summer is far greater than in winter.

 

In terms of effecting the local temperature, snowcover in winter might be as important as summer because a lack of snow in winter allows energy to be stored during the day and released at night, holding up nighttime temperatures. But day time temperatures would not be effected as much because the insolation change is much less. 

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Perhaps this was already answered, but do snow cover anomalies in summer include snow-covered ice?

 

The Rutgers data and charts are land-only.

 

FSU has a version that includes ice and a version which does not. The version people have been using includes ice. I believe this includes all ice, not just snow covered ice. It would be difficult to distinguish the two (or even precisely define "snow-covered" vs a mixture of old snow and ice) and they are functionally pretty similar in terms of albedo. 

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Winter snow cover gains haven't come close to the snow cover loss in April-June. And they never will. The Spring has a lot more it will lose as the heat in forcing and the oceans and from the South keeps getting stronger in Spring.

 

Unless we are just going to go by the Cherry-picked 1995-2009 FSU baseline.  But of course it keeps getting posted. 

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Winter snow cover gains haven't come close to the snow cover loss in April-June. And they never will. The Spring has a lot more it will lose as the heat in forcing and the oceans and from the South keeps getting stronger in Spring.

 

Unless we are just going to go by the Cherry-picked 1995-2009 FSU baseline.  But of course it keeps getting posted. 

 

Actually, according to skiier even on a 1971-2000 baseline the positive anomalies last winter were about equal to the negative anomalies this summer.

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That is one year.  ONE YEAR.  Secondly Skier should know May is far more important than July.  I doubt if we drop August which is irrelevant for May it's no longer the same.

 

Snow cover anomalies would be more important in late winter as well. Feb-April vs Dec-Jan.  Most important from March-June overall.

 

 

 

nhland_season1.gif

 

 

nhland_season2.gif

 

nhland05.png

 

 

 

 

nhland06.png

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Good graphs, Friv.

 

 

Looks like the trend for spring snow cover anomalies is fairly flat since the early 1990s (especially since that graph doesn't include 2013, which was well above normal in March/April). Whereas late spring/early summer have continued to trend sharply downward. However, I would think that by July/August, a lot of that snow from May would have melted most years anyway. But I understand how the earlier melt would lead to stronger albedo earlier.

 

The correlation between May/June snow cover and Arctic sea ice was thrashed a bit this year.

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Good graphs, Friv.

 

 

Looks like the trend for spring snow cover anomalies is fairly flat since the early 1990s (especially since that graph doesn't include 2013, which was well above normal in March/April). Whereas late spring/early summer have continued to trend sharply downward. However, I would think that by July/August, a lot of that snow from May would have melted most years anyway. But I understand how the earlier melt would lead to stronger albedo earlier.

 

The correlation between May/June snow cover and Arctic sea ice was thrashed a bit this year.

 

 

 

 

 

Exactly.  Timing is everything. 

 

The correlation to Sea Ice wouldn't be hindered to much.  The connection to it being the leading driver of the persistent -NAO would be really hurt.

 

Both the snow cover and sea ice had extremely similar paths. Which is nothing but a comparative correlation.  I am not trying to compare them as if there is cause and effect.  In the longer term there is abnormally strong correlations with snow cover and sea ice loss though.

 

April = June

May = July

June = August.

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Nice jump in the snow cover with the AO drop during the second half of September. We saw a very

fast increase near the end of last October during the big late month AO plunge.

 

 

 

 

AO index during Last October late month increase

 

2012 10 20 -0.861
2012 10 21 -1.817
2012 10 22 -2.538
2012 10 23 -2.978
2012 10 24 -3.195
2012 10 25 -2.912
2012 10 26 -2.393
2012 10 27 -2.058
2012 10 28 -1.790
2012 10 29 -1.718
2012 10 30 -2.075
2012 10 31 -2.460

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September was ranked 6 out of 45 for the most cover for the NH per Rutgers

Week 39 ranked 7th most. Values below are in million sq. km

1977 15.09

1972 14.02

2000 12.76

1973 11.50

2002 10.84

1989 10.82

2013 10.36

1983 10.23

 

 

All of those years had some pretty memorable arctic outbreaks early in the winter...most of them in December, although 2002 was more in Jan 2003. We'll have to see if this year follows suit.

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September was ranked 6 out of 45 for the most cover for the NH per Rutgers

Week 39 ranked 7th most. Values below are in million sq. km

1977 15.09

1972 14.02

2000 12.76

1973 11.50

2002 10.84

1989 10.82

2013 10.36

1983 10.23

 

 

All of those years had some pretty memorable arctic outbreaks early in the winter...most of them in December, although 2002 was more in Jan 2003. We'll have to see if this year follows suit.

Dec 2002 featured an early winter start in the Midwest, but we had a thaw at the end of the month. We hit -16℉ at the beginning of Dec, I believe it was a record.

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