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May 4th - 16th Severe Weather Thread


andyhb

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day1probotlk_1300_torn.gif

New Day 1, hatching added to the 10% TOR (certainly justified when looking at the sounding for FSD below):

...N CNTRL STATES TODAY/TNGT...

REGION INVOF AFOREMENTIONED FRONT AND OUTFLOW BOUNDARIES OVER SRN

SD....NRN/ERN NEB...NW IA...AND SW MN WILL BE BECOME VERY UNSTABLE

AS 60S SFC DEW POINTS OVERSPREAD REGION BENEATH STEEP MID LVL LAPSE

RATES...WITH LATE AFTN SBCAPE EXPECTED TO RANGE FROM 2000 TO 4000

J/KG.

CONTINUED EWD ADVANCE OF LEAD UPR LVL DISTURBANCES AHEAD OF MAIN WRN

STATES TROUGH...AND SUBSTANTIAL DEGREE OF VERTICAL VEERING IN THE

WIND PROFILES...WILL RESULT IN HODOGRAPHS VERY FAVORABLE FOR

ROTATING STORMS...ESPECIALLY E OF THE TRIPLE POINT LOW ALONG THE

QSTNRY/WARM FRONT. AT LEAST ISOLD TSTM DEVELOPMENT APPEARS LIKELY

THERE...AND ALSO FARTHER W INTO THE BLACK HILLS DURING MID-LATE

AFTN. RAPID GROWTH INTO SUPERCELLS CAPABLE OF VERY LARGE HAIL AND

TORNADOES MAY OCCUR...ESPECIALLY OVER NERN NEB/SE SD INTO PARTS OF

NW IA AND FAR SW MN. AS THE COLD FRONT

ACCELERATES E/SE ACROSS THE NRN/CNTRL PLNS TNGT...UPSCALE

DEVELOPMENT INTO ONE OR MORE MCSS APPEARS LIKELY. THESE MAY POSE A

GRADUALLY DIMINISHING SVR THREAT EWD IN THE UPR MS VLY AND SWD INTO

THE MID MO VLY EARLY SUN.

06z NAM Sounding at 00z for FSD:

SKT_META__KFSD.png

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New Day 1, hatching added to the 10% TOR (certainly justified when looking at the sounding for FSD below):

Early visible satellite shows a pretty sizable OFB moving south through Nebraska (subtle, but you can see it moving through the fog bank). So I'm wondering if maybe those parameters end up a touch south of KFSD in the end. But either way, looks like some nasty conditions setting up along the boundary.

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Early visible satellite shows a pretty sizable OFB moving south through Nebraska (subtle, but you can see it moving through the fog bank). So I'm wondering if maybe those parameters end up a touch south of KFSD in the end. But either way, looks like some nasty conditions setting up along the boundary.

Yup good point, definitely very subtle but there. Completely agreed about the nasty conditions- even if south of FSD, that sounding should be fairly representative of what the storms have to tap into. Another thing, based on the trajectory of the morning convection and the short wave producing it, the border area of NE/SD/IA looks like it won't be worked over, so if I were chasing today, I'd probably head there and assess upon arrival.

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Yup good point, definitely very subtle but there. Completely agreed about the nasty conditions- even if south of FSD, that sounding should be fairly representative of what the storms have to tap into. Another thing, based on the trajectory of the morning convection and the short wave producing it, the border area of NE/SD/IA looks like it won't be worked over, so if I were chasing today, I'd probably head there and assess upon arrival.

I agree, something like sit around Norfolk and wait. Easy access north, east, and west from there.

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Much better. 12z NAM Sounding for Sioux Falls SD at 4pm cdt this afternoon.

Pretty incredible sounding for tornado and very large hail potential, though the low level speed shear at 21z is somewhat lacking (with great directional shear on the other hand). If initiation holds off towards ~00z, which is roughly what the latest HRRR is showing, that'll give some time for the LLJ to ramp up and increase the 0-1km shear magnitude.

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Are these currents storms going to enhance (boundaries?) or negate tonight's threat? Lot of widespread clouds and precip right now.

They are currently sharpening the boundary greatly in Nebraska. This will return northward during the day some (I'm currently thinking around the SD/NE border). This will create a significant tornado threat along and near the boundary, but any storm north of the boundary will still have the capability to produce significant hail.

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day1probotlk_1630_torn.gif

1620Z Update to SWODY1 (key part bolded, explains shifting of 10% hatched TOR a bit south from 13z, placing Norfolk, NE area OceanSt suggested in the crosshairs):

...NRN PLAINS/UPPER MS VALLEY INTO MID AND LOWER MO VALLEY...

ELEVATED SUPERCELLS ARE ONGOING THIS MORNING OVER SERN SD/SWRN MN

WITHIN THE EXIT REGION OF 20-30 KT LLJ WHERE WAA AND ISENTROPIC

ASCENT ARE BEING ENHANCED. 12Z OAX SOUNDING IS LIKELY A PROXY FOR

THE INFLOW AIR MASS THAT IS BEING LIFTED ABOVE COMPOSITE

BOUNDARY...FEATURING A MOIST BOUNDARY LAYER AND STEEP MIDLEVEL LAPSE

RATES WITH MUCAPE OF 2000-3000 J/KG. GIVEN THE GRADUAL

INTENSIFICATION AND BROADENING OF THE LLJ TODAY...EXPECT ONGOING

ELEVATED STORMS TO PERSIST ACROSS PORTIONS OF SRN MN WITH A

CONTINUED RISK FOR LARGE HAIL.

BASED ON LATEST SURFACE OBSERVATIONS...IT APPEARS ACTIVE COLD POOL

ASSOCIATED WITH SD STORMS MAY DISPLACE EFFECTIVE SURFACE BOUNDARY A

BIT FARTHER TO THE S INTO NRN NEB THAN MODEL GUIDANCE SUGGESTS. TO

THE S OF THIS BOUNDARY...THE EROSION OF LOW CLOUDS WILL ALLOW FOR

STRONG DIABATIC HEATING TO OCCUR. WHEN COUPLED WITH BOUNDARY LAYER

DEWPOINTS IN THE MID 60S-LOWER 70S AND THE STEEP MIDLEVEL LAPSE

RATES...EXPECT AFTERNOON MLCAPE VALUES TO APPROACH 2500-3500 J/KG.

PERSISTENT LOW-LEVEL WAA...CONVERGENCE ALONG THE FRONT AND WEAK

MIDLEVEL HEIGHT FALLS ARE EXPECTED TO CONTRIBUTE TO SURFACE-BASED

TSTM DEVELOPMENT THIS AFTERNOON OVER THE MID-MO VALLEY WITHIN A

KINEMATIC ENVIRONMENT CHARACTERIZED BY A VERTICALLY VEERING WIND

PROFILE AND STEADILY STRENGTHENING LOW AND DEEP-LAYER SHEAR. AS

SUCH...SETUP WILL BE QUITE CONDUCIVE TO SUPERCELL EVOLUTION WITH AN

ATTENDANT RISK FOR TORNADOES...VERY LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS.

UPSCALE GROWTH OF STORMS INTO AN MCS OR TWO APPEARS LIKELY TONIGHT

WITH A CONTINUED THREAT FOR DAMAGING WINDS AND HAIL.

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I like what I'm seeing in northern Nebraska right now. The OFB is just northwest of a line from KBVN-KOFK-KSUX. However, the low level clouds are eroding faster than the wind shift is retreating. This means you'll get equal diurnal heating on either side of that wind shift, and that will have a residual effect on the atmosphere into the afternoon. Look no further than Broken Bow, winds shift from SE to NE over the last hour but have BKN to SCT clouds. That zone between Norfolk and O'Neill should be primed for something big, especially with storm motion progged to be roughly parallel to that effective boundary.

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Northeast Nebraska still looking prime to me for svr action later this evening. Quite the contrast in temps and dews from there northward to southeast S.D. Deep moisture convergence in the area. Shear could be better but helicity is higher than I expected. Gonna be fun to watch the derby and then radar later on.

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AREAS AFFECTED...CNTRL/NERN NEB...SERN SD...NWRN IA

CONCERNING...SEVERE POTENTIAL...WATCH LIKELY

VALID 051909Z - 052045Z

PROBABILITY OF WATCH ISSUANCE...95 PERCENT

SUMMARY...TORNADO WATCH WILL BE NEEDED TO ADDRESS THE DEVELOPING

SEVERE THREAT FROM CNTRL/NERN NEB...NEWD INTO NWRN IA. THIS WATCH

WILL LIKELY BE ISSUED BY 21Z.

DISCUSSION...EARLY MORNING MCS ACTIVITY THAT SPREAD ACROSS SD INTO

MN HAS REINFORCED A BOUNDARY THAT CURRENTLY EXTENDS FROM CNTRL NEB

INTO THE NWRN CORNER OF IA. WHILE THIS BOUNDARY MAY CONTINUE TO SAG

SWD ACROSS PARTS OF NRN IA...STRONG HEATING OVER NEB WILL LIKELY

PREVENT ANY FURTHER SWD PUSH ACROSS THE CNTRL PLAINS. WARM SECTOR

CU FIELD APPEARS TO BE EXPANDING AND CHANGING CHARACTER ACROSS NERN

NEB INTO NWRN IA PER DEEPENING BOUNDARY LAYER. IN ALL LIKELIHOOD

THUNDERSTORMS WILL EVOLVE ALONG THE WIND SHIFT INITIALLY ACROSS NEB

AS LOW LEVEL LAPSE RATES ARE SOMEWHAT STEEPER ACROSS THIS REGION.

NEEDLESS TO SAY EXTREME INSTABILITY...SBCAPE IN EXCESS OF 4000

J/KG...AND DEEP LAYER SHEAR MORE THAN ADEQUATE TO SUPPORT ROTATING

UPDRAFTS...WILL PROVE CONDUCIVE FOR SUPERCELLS...POTENTIALLY

TORNADIC. VERY LARGE HAIL IS ALSO POSSIBLE WITH THIS ACTIVITY AND A

WATCH WILL BE ISSUED BY 21Z.

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Jeez. the RAP doesn't really develop anything until 00Z or 01Z (7PM to 8PM) After that it gets decently active around 02Z to 06/07Z... After that TwisterData doesn't show anything for the RAP (it stops at 10-hours)...

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