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Lake Effect Snow


Jim Martin

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Here is part of the Area Forecast Discussion from the NWS in Northern Indiana mentioning possible lake effect snow event later this weekend...

.LONG TERM...

SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY...ANOMALOUSLY STRONG HIGH ZONAL FLOW OVER

THE NORTHERN PACIFIC WILL BECOME MORE AMPLIFIED OVER THE EAST

PACIFIC THIS PERIOD ACCORDING TO A SIZABLE ARRAY OF 500 MB GFS AND

CANADIAN GEM ANALOGS ALONG WITH ENSEMBLE MEMBERS. THE SUBSEQUENT

CHALLENGES THIS PERIOD INCLUDE THE TIMING OF A COLD FRONT AND

ASSOCIATED TRAJECTORY OF LAKE EFFECT SNOW ALONG WITH THE DURATION OF

THE COLD AIR. CURRENT THINKING IS THE COLD FRONT WILL MOVE RAPIDLY

ACROSS THE AREA ABOUT LATE SUNDAY MORNING...WITH TEMPERATURES

FALLING DURING THE AFTERNOON. MADE SOME MOSTLY MINOR ADJUSTMENT TO

THE TIMING AND EXTENT OF LAKE EFFECT SNOW...BUT MAINLY INCREASED

SNOW CHANCES SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT IN THE FAVORED LAKE

EFFECT SNOW AREAS. THERE IS POTENTIAL FOR HEAVY LAKE EFFECT SNOW BANDS

GIVEN DELTA T VALUES OVER 20 WITH RELATIVELY DEEP SNOW GROWTH WITHIN

THE DENDRITIC GROWTH ZONE. THIS HEAVY LAKE EFFECT SNOW POTENTIAL HAS

BEEN MENTIONED IN THE HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK PRODUCT.

OTHERWISE...MUCH COLDER AIR WILL MOVE INTO THE REGION EARLY NEXT

WEEK. KEPT TEMPERATURES COLD ESPECIALLY MONDAY AND TUESDAY WITH

HIGHS MUCH BELOW FREEZING. IT LOOKS LIKE THE GFS/MEX IS HOLDING ON

TO THE COLD AIR TOO LONG GIVEN AN UPPER LEVEL RIDGE BUILDING INTO

THE REGION LATE IN THE PERIOD.

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Things are lining up for quite a dumping in spots:

from BUF:

FOR MONDAY AND TUESDAY...TEMPERATURES AT THE SURFACE AND ALOFT WILL

GROW PROGRESSIVELY COLDER. GIVEN THE TIMEFRAME...IT WILL BE

DIFFICULT TO PIN DOWN EXACT WIND DIRECTION...BUT THE MEAN FLOW

SHOULD GENERALLY BE NORTHWESTERLY. THE CORE OF THE COLDEST AIR WILL

REACH WESTERN NEW YORK TUESDAY MORNING...WHEN THE 12Z GFS/EURO/GGEM

ALL FORECAST 850 MB TEMPERATURES TO DROP TO -20 TO -24C ACROSS

WESTERN NEW YORK. OUTSIDE OF THE BITTERLY COLD SURFACE

TEMPERATURES...WHICH WILL FEEL EVEN COLDER DUE TO WIND CHILL...THIS

ALSO IS LIKELY TO CAUSE THE MOST SIGNIFICANT LAKE EFFECT EVENT SO

FAR THIS SEASON.

WHILE THE WIND DIRECTION IS NOT THE MOST FAVORABLE IN TERMS OF

FETCH...THE SHEAR INSTABILITY WILL LIKELY OUTWEIGH THIS. THIS WILL

RESULT IN A PROLONGED PERIOD OF SIGNIFICANT LAKE INDUCED CAPE.

MEANWHILE...THE UPPER TROF WILL REMAIN ALOFT...WHICH WILL MAINTAIN

MOISTURE...AND PRESENT THE POSSIBILITY FOR EMBEDDED SHORTWAVE WHICH

ARE IMPOSSIBLE TO TIME THIS FAR OUT. SNOW SHOULD BE VERY

FLUFFY...WITH 30:1 RATIOS A GOOD POSSIBILITY. THIS SAID...NOT ALL OF

WESTERN NEW YORK WILL RECEIVE HEAVY SNOW FROM THIS PATTERN.

TYPICALLY...SE OF LAKE ONTARIO (WAYNE/OSWEGO/CAYUGA) AND WESTERN

PORTIONS OF THE SOUTHERN TIER WILL RECEIVE THE MOST SNOW IN THIS

PATTERN. HOWEVER...THIS ALSO BEARS WATCHING ALONG THE ENTIRE LAKE

ONTARIO SOUTHERN SHORES...INCLUDING NIAGARA...ORLEANS...AND MONROE

COUNTIES. BASED ON THIS...WILL MAINTAIN A MENTION IN THE HWO

FOR THE POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT LAKE SNOWS...AND FOR BITTERLY COLD

WIND CHILLS.

From CLE:

MODELS INDICATING A DEEPLY AMPLIFIED TROF OVER THE GREAT LAKES SUNDAY.

THE LOW INTENSIFIES SUN NT OVER THE REGION AS BITING ARCTIC AIR

SLIDES INTO THE REGION. CONDITIONS FAVOR A CLASSIC LAKE EFFECT

EVENT FROM SUN NT THROUGH TUE. STILL SOME DETAILS TO REFINE WITH

THIS PERIOD OVER THE NEXT 24 HRS OF MODEL RUNS BUT FUTURE

HEADLINES WILL BE LIKELY. FROPA WILL OCCUR ON SUN WITH A NON-

DIURNAL TEMP PROFILE...FOLLOWED BY WINDY RAW DAY ON MON. NORTHWEST

SFC WINDS COULD GUST OVER 30 MPH IN ROBUST CAA REGIME UNDER

AMPLIFYING PATTERN. H85 TEMPS DROP TO AROUND -14C...WHICH WITH THE

LAKE STILL AROUND 4C WILL BE CONDUCIVE FOR ENHANCED LAKE EFFECT

SNOW. HIGHEST SNOW AMOUNTS WILL LIKELY OCCUR SUN NT INTO MON

BEFORE DRIER AIR AND HIGH PRES START BUILDING IN FROM THE W.

&&

.LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...

LAKE EFFECT CONTINUES INTO TUESDAY AS ARCTIC AIR REMAINS IN PLACE.

LAKE EFFECT FINALLY COMES TO AN END TUESDAY NIGHT AS HIGH PRESSURE

MOVES ACROSS LOWER LAKES AND WINDS GRADUALLY TURN TO THE SOUTH.

GRADUAL WARMING TREND WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY AS SOUTH TO SOUTHWEST

FLOW CONTINUES OVER THE AREA.

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And from the beautiful North woods this morning......... :drunk:

SUNDAY ONWARD...THE WELL ADVERTISED...MOST HAZARDOUS WEATHER WILL

OCCUR SUNDAY THROUGH MONDAY EVENING. THE AIR MASS TURN MUCH COLDER

AS VERY STRONG WINDS DEVELOP ACROSS ALL OF NRN MICHIGAN...WHILE

DEEP MOISTURE...GOOD CYCLONIC CONVERGENCE WILL DEFINITELY BRING NRN

MICHIGAN`S BEST LAKE EFFECT/ENHANCED SNOW EVENT OF THE YEAR...AND

FOR MOST OF THE REGION. ALTHOUGH KINDA FAR OUT THERE TO GET INTO

THE DETAILS...SIGNIFICANT SNOWFALL APPEARS EVEN MORE LIKELY

NOW...WITH THIS LOOKING LIKE A LOCK FOR WINTER WEATHER HEADLINES

AND GROWING CONCERN FOR STRONG HEADLINES. WINDS LOOK TO GUST 35

TO 45 MPH...WITH THE THREAT FOR SEVERAL INCHES (WARNING CRITERIA?)

OF SNOW FOR TRAVELERS AT THE END OF THE NEW YEAR HOLIDAY. TRAVEL

IMPLICATIONS ARE OBVIOUS. TREACHEROUSLY SLICK AND SNOW COVERED

ROADS ARE ARE ANTICIPATED...INCLUDING PRIMARY ROADS/INTERSTATE 75.

COMBINE THIS WITH SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED VISIBILITIES IN SNOW AND

BLOWING/DRIFTING SNOW...AND TRAVELERS MAY WANT TO ASSESS THEIR

TRAVEL PLANS NOW. SNOW/WIND WILL CONTINUE INTO MONDAY

EVENING...BUT WILL TAPER OFF QUICKLY BY TUESDAY WITH DRY AIR ON

THE WAY. THE WEATHER THEN TURN RATHER QUIET...WITH ONLY A SMALL

CHANCE SOME LIGHT SNOW TUESDAY NIGHT-WEDNESDAY.

SMD

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Hey now, I've seen some multi-band setups that really deliver and the lake is primed.  With the way this Winter has gone, I'm suprised at your snobbery.

I've chased a couple multi-band setups but they're not my favorite.  I chase once per winter (if that) and I'm gambling on a good north flow event sometime.

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http://forecast.weather.gov/showsigwx.php?warnzone=MIZ077&warncounty=MIC021&firewxzone=MIZ077&local_place1=Baroda+MI&product1=Special+Weather+Statement

...HEAVY LAKE EFFECT SNOW POSSIBLE SUNDAY THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT...

LAKE EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS WILL DEVELOP SUNDAY AFTERNOON AND

PERSIST THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT. SIGNIFICANT SNOW ACCUMULATIONS ARE

POSSIBLE OVER FAR SOUTHWEST LOWER MICHIGAN INTO NORTHERN INDIANA.

IN MICHIGAN THIS INCLUDES BERRIEN...BRANCH AND SAINT JOSEPH

COUNTIES....AND IN INDIANA...SAINT JOSEPH...ELKHART AND NORTHEAST

LAPORTE COUNTIES. THESE AREAS MAY RECEIVE IN EXCESS OF 6 INCHES

OF SNOW...ACCOMPANIED BY BLOWING AND DRIFTING SNOW. TRAVEL MAY

BECOME DIFFICULT OVER SECTIONS OF INTERSTATES 80 AND 94...AND

HIGHWAYS 6...12...AND 20.

IN ADDITIONAL TO THE HEAVY LAKE EFFECT SNOW POTENTIAL...VERY COLD

WIND CHILL TEMPERATURES CAN BE EXPECTED SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY

NIGHT. THE COLD AIR...IN COMBINATION WITH THE WINDY CONDITIONS

WILL CAUSE WIND CHILLS TO FALL INTO THE TEENS AND SINGLE DIGITS

SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT.

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Ontonagon, Houghton, and Keweenaw counties are under a blizzard watch

URGENT - WINTER WEATHER MESSAGE

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MARQUETTE MI

204 PM EST FRI DEC 30 2011

...SIGNIFICANT LAKE EFFECT SNOW AND WIDESPREAD BLOWING AND DRIFTING SNOW

POSSIBLE OVER NEW YEARS DAY INTO MONDAY...

.DEVELOPING LOW PRESSURE OVER THE NORTHERN PLAINS WILL MOVE INTO THE

UPPER GREAT LAKES AND DEEPEN. WIDESPREAD SNOW WILL DEVELOP SATURDAY

EVENING AHEAD OF THE ASSOCIATED COLD FRONT...THEN TURN TO HEAVY LAKE

EFFECT SNOW SHOWERS SUNDAY INTO MONDAY AS ARCTIC AIR MOVES ACROSS

LAKE SUPERIOR ON NORTHWEST WINDS. IN ADDITION TO THE HEAVY

SNOW...STRONG NORTHWEST WINDS GUSTING TO 55 MPH WILL CREATE

SIGNIFICANT BLOWING SNOW WITH POSSIBLE BLIZZARD CONDITIONS ACROSS THE

KEWEENAW PENINSULA SOUTH THROUGH ONTONAGON COUNTY. THE SNOW AND WIND

WILL GRADUALLY SUBSIDE MONDAY NIGHT.

MIZ001>003-311000-

/O.NEW.KMQT.BZ.A.0001.120101T0600Z-120103T0000Z/

KEWEENAW-ONTONAGON-NORTHERN HOUGHTON-

INCLUDING THE CITIES OF...COPPER HARBOR...ONTONAGON...HOUGHTON...

HANCOCK

204 PM EST FRI DEC 30 2011

...BLIZZARD WATCH IN EFFECT FROM LATE SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH

MONDAY EVENING...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN MARQUETTE HAS ISSUED A BLIZZARD

WATCH...WHICH IS IN EFFECT FROM LATE SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH

MONDAY EVENING.

HAZARDOUS WEATHER...

* HEAVY LAKE EFFECT SNOW AND WIDESPREAD BLOWING AND DRIFTING SNOW

WILL DEVELOP SATURDAY NIGHT AND CONTINUE THROUGH MONDAY.

* BLIZZARD CONDITIONS WITH NORTHWEST WIND GUSTS TO 55 MPH AND

WIDESPREAD BLOWING AND DRIFTING SNOW ARE POSSIBLE...ESPECIALLY

SUNDAY INTO SUNDAY NIGHT.

* SNOWFALL AMOUNTS OF A FOOT OR MORE ARE POSSIBLE SUNDAY AND MONDAY.

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Yeah I'm still waiting to chase one of those single band textbookers into nw IN.

I've chased a couple multi-band setups but they're not my favorite. I chase once per winter (if that) and I'm gambling on a good north flow event sometime.

Monday evening into the overnight might be a good time to hit up Laporte Co. as winds will be out of the north by then and favor formation of a single band. If it was Sunday night I would consider driving up there just to see what it's like, especially since I don't have to work on Monday. But it will be Monday night and Tuesday morning comes really early. My prediction is that western Laporte Co. gets pummeled.

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Monday evening into the overnight might be a good time to hit up Laporte Co. as winds will be out of the north by then and favor formation of a single band. If it was Sunday night I would consider driving up there just to see what it's like, especially since I don't have to work on Monday. But it will be Monday night and Tuesday morning comes really early. My prediction is that western Laporte  Co. gets pummeled.

Hmm, thanks for the heads up. 00z NAM does turn the 925 mb flow almost due north early Tuesday.

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Could get interesting depending on whether a single band can set up.  Hoping for Porter Co :)

Lake/850 mb delta T's become extreme (22-24C) on Tuesday morning although inversion height doesn't look particularly deep. I don't think that would preclude a significant event though.

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http://www.crh.noaa.gov/grr/ Winter Storm Watch up for West Michigan

Grand Rapids NWS saying there is the potential for AT LEAST 6 to 8 inches of lake effect snow across West Michigan. I really hope so!!!

There's no doubt that there will be some decent LES for MI. The only problem is that the low level winds will be so strong that snow bands will get sheared apart, somewhat limiting accumulations. By the time the winds die down a little, they will begin to swing more northerly.

I'm hoping GRR is right and that you get hammered. However, I'm still thinking that Laporte Co. IN will be the sweet spot Monday night into Tuesday. I would also not be surprised to see some mesolow action showing up on the hi res models as we get into their timeframe. This will be fun to watch.

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Here's a shot from my hi-res WRF runs... total precip, initialized from 0z GFS through 84 hours.

Take it FWIW...

Thanks. That's the first hi-res run I've seen for this event through 84 hours.

That appears to be a solid 0.5 to 1 inch of QPF over Cleveland, with a small max of 1.5" over the eastern suburbs. The WRF map looks like a very classic LES event for these parts. That would definitely be a 10-20" snowfall event for the suburbs and a 6-8" event for the western portions of the city. CLE has even tossed around the possibility of blizzard headlines for this event.

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