SACRUS

60 / 58 clear. Warmer stretch upper 70s - low 80s perhaps a few of the hotter areas get into the mid 80s today and Sunday. Overall warmer period coming up - cut off ull now into the SE but persistent onshore flow will keep any stronger warmth west of the area. The period Mon - Thu still need be watched for rain with wetter forecasts still appearing, otherwise riding a dry stretch with near 80 and warmer lows vs normal.

Records: Highs: EWR: 98 (1983) NYC: 97 (1983) LGA: 95 (1983) JFK: 98 (1983) Lows: EWR: 44 (1938) NYC: 43 (1883) LGA: 50 (1978) JFK: 50 (1978) Historical: 1811: South Carolina was hit by a hurricane. The main highlight associated with the hurricane was a tornado that damaged downtown Charleston. 1900: South Dakota registered its maximum 24 hour precipitation record as 8.01 inches of rain fell at Elk Point, SD. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1910: Duluth had the shortest growing season ever with frost free days from June 14 to September 10 (87days.) Normally the frost-free season is 143 days. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1917: Duluth, MN saw its earliest freezing temperature reading with a record low of 31°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1919 - A hurricane struck the Florida Keys drowning more than 500 persons. (David Ludlum) 1944: Navy and Army Air Force B-24 Liberator planes flew into the "Great Atlantic Hurricane" from September 10th through the 15th. These were the first sanctioned military flights to obtain data on a hurricane. The data sent back was instrumental in helping hold the death toll from the destructive hurricane to 27 people. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1947: Downpour across the Iron Range - Hibbing, MN got 8.6 inches in three hours. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1960 - Hurricane Donna struck the Florida Keys, with winds gusting to 180 mph and a thirteen foot storm surge. The hurricane then moved north along the eastern coast of Florida and inundated Naples before moving out to sea. Hurricane Donna claimed fifty lives, injured 1800 others, and caused more than 300 million dollars damage. The Marathon/Tavernier area was almost completely destroyed, and in the Citrus Belt, most of the avacado crop was blown from the trees. Hurricane Donna wreaked havoc from Florida to Maine, with wind gusts to 100 mph along much of the coast. Hurricane Donna produced wind gusts to 121 mph at Charleston SC on the 11th, and wind gusts to 138 mph at Blue Hill Observatory MA on the 12th. The hurricane finally died over Maine two days later, producing more than five inches of rain over the state. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1960: The center of Hurricane Donna passed over the middle of the Florida Keys between 2, and 3 am on this day. Donna was a Category 5 hurricane over the Atlantic and a Category 4 at landfall. This storm caused the deaths of over 100 in Puerto Rico, 50 in the United States, and 63 in a jet crash. The plane crash occurred on August 29th as a French airliner was attempting to land at Dakar, Senegal during a “blinding rainstorm.” The storm was likely a tropical disturbance at the time of the crash. 1961: On September 10th, the Television Infrared Observation Satellite observed an area of thunderstorms west-southwest of the Cape Verde Islands, suggesting a possible tropical cyclone. This storm is the first large tropical cyclone to be discovered on satellite imagery and would eventually become Hurricane Esther. 1965: After ravaging the Florida Keys on the 8th, Hurricane Betsy slammed in Louisiana with sustained winds of 125 to 130 mph and a minimum central pressure near 948 millibars or 28.00 inches of mercury. Houma, LA reported a wind gust of 130 mph. There were as many as 76 deaths and thousands injured. The storm surge and flooding from torrential rains caused an enormous amount of damage making this the greatest insured property loss in the U.S. up to this time. Betsy is known as first billion dollar hurricane with damage exceeding $1.4 billion dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1969: Birmingham, AL dipped to 49°; their earliest recorded temperature under 50°. Other record low temperatures included: Atlanta, GA: 49°, Tupelo, MS: 50°, Chattanooga, TN: 50°-Tied, Montgomery, AL: 52°, Meridian, MS: 52°-Tied, Macon, GA: 52°-Tied and Tallahassee, FL: 54°. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1972: The Council Bluffs, Iowa area received wind damage and Shelby and Audobon Counties experienced a tornado. Rainfall totals in the three days from this date through the 12th were very impressive. Harlon, Iowa received 21 inches with 12.49 inches occurring on one day. Hundreds of families were left homeless from the flooding and losses of crops and buildings totaled nearly $20 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1976: Tropical Storm Kathleen moved northward from the Baja into the desert region of southern California; officially weakening to a depression just before crossing into the U.S. Yuma, AZ reported sustained winds of 57 mph, the highest on record associated with an eastern Pacific tropical cyclone in the southwestern U.S. A wall of water left a 700 foot wide, 40 feet deep gap at the Myer Creek Bridge on I-8 in Ocotillo, CA. The 4 to 6 foot high wall of water destroyed 70% of the homes. Daggett, CA received 2.28 inches of rain which was the greatest one day amount in recorded history. Overall, five people died and damage was estimated at $333 million dollars. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1985: Late season heat wave ends in DC with seven straight 90° days. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1987 - A late afternoon thunderstorm roared through Austin TX producing wind gusts to 81 mph, and 2.17 inches of rain in just sixty minutes. The high winds toppled six National Guard helicopters at the Robert Mueller Municipal Airport, and damaged or destroyed numerous other aircraft. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Cool air sweeping into the north central U.S. brought snow to some of the higher elevations of Montana. The town of Kings Hill, southeast of Great Falls, was blanketed with six inches of snow. Tropical Storm Gilbert strenghtened to a hurricane over the eastern Carribean. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1989 - Light snow fell in Montana overnight, with three inches reported at Fairfield. Billings MT reported a record low of 33 degrees. Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in the northeastern U.S., with record highs of 86 degrees at Caribou ME and 90 degrees at Burlington VT. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1998: Tropical Storm Frances made landfall near Matagorda Bay, TX, causing the worst coastal flooding and beach erosion since Hurricane Carla in 1961. The storm's heavy rains ended a drought in East Texas but caused severe river flooding in parts of Texas and Louisiana. The highest rainfall total noted was 21.10 inches at Terrytown in southeast Louisiana. A major disaster declaration was issued for Cameron, Jefferson, Lafourche, and Terrebonne parishes in Louisiana. 1999: Straight line winds caused extensive damage at the Ardmore Industrial Park in Carter County, two miles northeast of Gene Autry, OK where a gust of 102 mph was measured. One aircraft hangar was completely destroyed and several were damaged. Several aircraft were overturned and three were destroyed. Damage was estimated at $2 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Hurricane Ike emerged in the south-central Gulf of Mexico heading for the Texas coast with maximum sustained winds of 100 mph and a minimum central pressure of 27.91 inches of mercury. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2009: Honolulu, Hawaii: Honolulu reports a record-tying high temperature of 92°F. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2017: Hurricane Irma crossed the Florida Keys as a Category 4 storm. 2018: Hurricane Florence was a powerful and long-lived Cape Verde hurricane, as well as the wettest tropical cyclone on record in the Carolinas and the ninth-wettest tropical cyclone to affect the contiguous United States. The sixth named storm, third hurricane, and the first major hurricane of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season, Florence originated from a strong tropical wave that emerged off the west coast of Africa on August 30, 2018. Steady organization resulted in the formation of a tropical depression on the next day near Cape Verde. Progressing along a steady west-northwest trajectory, the system acquired tropical storm strength on September 1, and fluctuated in strength for several days over open ocean. An unexpected bout of rapid intensification ensued on September 4– 5, culminating with Florence becoming a Category 4 major hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson scale with estimated maximum sustained winds of 130 mph

64 / 56 clouds and some areas of light showers drizzle. Clears out tomorrow - warms up upper 70s / low 80s through Sunday. Ridge over north with cutoff undercutting the ridge Mon - Tue clouds and some rain before flow comes around for an overall much warmer period with ridge into the northeast by the 9/16/17 and beyond.

76 today.

72 / 51 here ENW flow Clouds movement is fun to watch today low level ENE to SSW and higher clouds SW to NE

Ridge building down by mid month and beyond should even out a cooler first half of the month with a much warmer second half, still a tendency of onshore but flow should come around to N/S W over time progressing between the 15 - 18

Highs: EWR: 94 (1964) NYC: 94 (1915) LGA: 93 (2016) JFK: 93 (1959) Lows: EWR: 48 (1938) NYC: 48 (1883) LGA: 53 (1956) JFK: 51 (1986) Historical: 1775: The Independence Hurricane slammed into Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Many ships were sunk and buildings demolished. 4,000 people died in what is considered to be Canada's deadliest hurricane disaster. 1821: A tornadic outbreak affected the New England states of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont on this day. Five tornadoes reportedly touched down from this event. One storm in New Hampshire had a path width of a half mile and tracked an estimated 23 miles. This tornado killed at least six individuals, which could be the deadliest tornado in New Hampshire history. 1881: For the first time in 33 days, rain fell at Washington, DC. (Ref. for 33 day drought in 1881 ) 1889: A hurricane that formed east of the Antilles moved north and then northward toward New Jersey. The storm came within 150 miles of Atlantic City, NJ before becoming nearly stationary for 4 days. The storm, one of the greatest storms to affect the shore and ocean, then turned to the southwest toward Norfolk, VA, and dissipated. Atlantic City measured a gust to 100 mph on the 10th. At Philadelphia, PA, rain began on the 10th. This began a period of 12 consecutive days of measurable rain, with a final total of 3.70 inches. Another sudden and damaging storm surge hit Long Island, NY and the Jersey shore during the evening on the 10th, following the 1st surge that hit on the 8th. The storm was located south of Cape Cod and east of Norfolk, VA, when the surge moved in. 29 ships were sunk in the Delaware Bay, killing at least 31 sailors. Officially, 40 lives were lost attributed to this hurricane. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1919: 300 lives were lost mostly in ships near Key West, where winds were reported at 110 mph as a violent hurricane caused considerable damage. Brick structures had walls blown out and large vessels were torn from their moorings and blown on banks. A tornado destroyed six buildings and damaged 19, injuring six people at Goulds in Dade County. This hurricane killed hundreds more on its track to south Texas. The final death toll of over 600 was mostly in ships at seas. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1921 - A dying tropical depression unloaded 38.2 inches of rain upon the town of Thrall in southeastern Texas killing 224 persons. 36.4 inches fell in 18 hours. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel) 1944 - The ""Great Atlantic Hurricane"" ravaged the east coast. The storm killed 22 persons and caused 63 million dollars damage in the Chesapeake Bay area, then besieged New England killing 390 persons and causing another 100 million dollars damage. (The Weather Channel) 1960: Extremely dangerous Category 4 Hurricane Donna was taking aim on the Florida Keys for the first of her four U.S. landfalls. On this date, Donnas’ winds peaked at 150 mph with a minimum central pressure of 934 millibars or 27.58 inches of mercury. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1964: Hurricane Dora, the first storm of hurricane intensity to cross into northeast Florida from the Atlantic in 80 years of record keeping, moved inland over St. Augustine early on the 10th. St. Augustine was in the eye of the storm and recorded a sea level pressure of 966 millibars or 28.52 inches of mercury. Dora produced sustained winds of around 100 mph, and abnormally high tides to almost all coastal points north of Daytona Beach. Highest sustained winds, from the southwest, and estimated at 125 mph were reported at St. Augustine. Sustained winds of 82 mph were recorded in Jacksonville, and this was the first time in Weather Bureau history that winds of full hurricane force have been observed in Jacksonville. Storm tides reached 12 feet at St. Augustine and ranged between 5 and l0 feet above normal north of Daytona Beach. High winds in the Jacksonville area caused a massive utilities failure. One death and 8 injuries were reported from Dora. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1965: Hurricane Betsy slammed into New Orleans on the evening of September 9, 1965. 110 mph winds and power failures were reported in New Orleans. The eye of the storm passed to the southwest of New Orleans on a northwesterly track. The northern and western eyewalls covered Southeast Louisiana and the New Orleans area from about 8 PM until 4 AM the next morning. In Thibodaux, winds of 130 mph to 140 mph were reported. The Baton Rouge weather bureau operated under auxiliary power, without telephone communication. 1971 - Hurricane Ginger formed, and remained a hurricane until the 5th of October. The 27 day life span was the longest of record for any hurricane in the North Atlantic Ocean. (The Weather Channel) 1976: Record rains that started on this day and ended on the 12th came from Tropical Storm Kathleen (called a 160+ year event by Meteorologists). 14.76 inches fell on south slopes of Mt. San Gorgonio, 10.13 inches at Mt. Laguna, 8 inches at Mt. San Jacinto, Over 4 inches in the Little San Bernardino Mountains, and 1.8 to 2.8 inches in the Coachella Valley. Deep Canyon (above La Quinta) recorded 2.96 inches in three hours on the 10th. Rainfall in the Santa Rosa Mountains above the Coachella Valley was called the “heaviest in recorded history.” Six were buried and killed in sand in Ocotillo. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1983: On this date through the 10th, strong winds blasted through east central South Dakota, leaving in its wake damaged crops, hundreds of downed trees, broken windows, damaged roofs and buildings, downed power poles, and damaged vehicles. Gusts of up to 75 mph in Huron moved a semi trailer one-half block into a truck. Standing crops of corn, beans, and sunflowers suffered extensive damage in many areas with losses up to 50% reported. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1986: An F-16 fighter jet had its windshield cracked by hail on its return to the Eagle Range Training Grounds near UT’s Great Salt Lake. A lightning bolt caused a hole 6 inches deep and 6 inches wide on a runway at the Salt Lake Int’l Airport. (Ref. Weather Guide Calendar with Phenomenal Weather Events 2011 Accord Pub. 2010, USA) 1987 - Thunderstorms produced severe weather in the central U.S. Thunderstorms in West Texas spawned four tornadoes in the vicinity of Lubbock, and produced baseball size hail and wind gusts to 81 mph at Ropesville. Thunderstorms produced hail two inches in diameter at Downs KS and Harvard NE, breaking car windows at Harvard. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Florence became a hurricane and headed for the Central Gulf Coast Region. Florence made landfall early the next morning, passing over New Orleans LA. Winds gusts to 80 mph were recorded at an oil rig south of the Chandeleur Islands. Wind gusts around New Orleans reached 61 mph. Total property damage from Florence was estimated at 2.5 million dollars. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - The first snow of the season began to whiten the mountains of Wyoming early in the morning, as for two days a moist and unusually cold storm system affected the state. By the morning of the 11th, a foot of snow covered the ground at Burgess Junction. Thunderstorms developing along a cold front crossing the Ohio Valley produced severe weather in Indiana during the late afternoon and early evening hours. Strong thunderstorm winds blew down a tent at Palestine injuring seven persons, and frequent lightning interrupted the Purdue and Miami of Ohio football game, clearing the stands. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1994: Glasgow, Montana: Temperature rises from 67°F at 5:02 AM to 97°F by 5:17 am. Heat burst is short-lived as temperature drops to 68°F by 5:40 AM the next morning. (Ref. WxDoctor) Hurricane John became extratropical in the north central Pacific Ocean, ending its 31-day life span as a tropical cyclone, the longest lived storm on record. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2004: Western and central New York was inundated by drenching rains as the remnants of hurricane Frances drifted north. Area-wide rainfall totaled 3 to 5 inches with the bulk of it falling in a 6 to 9 hour period from very late on this date into the next day. At least one person was killed. Across the border, heavy rains of close to 4 inches over southern Quebec Canada. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2008: Nome, AK reached a high temperature of 62°, which tied the high temperature record for the date and represented the third day during the month that a high temperature record was either tied or broken. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2011: The remnants of Lee that was a very slow moving low pressure over Ohio has now been absorbed into the circulation a low over illinois and is expected to weaken through Saturday morning. The heavy rains over the Mid-Atlantic have diminished in coverage and are now limited to central and eastern Pennsylvania. Rainfall totals for VA- Colonial Beach 1.2 SSE 20.96, Woodbridge 0.5 SSW 16.20, Lorton 1.2 NE 15.09, Fort Belvoir/Davison AFB 13.77, Reston 2 N 11.45, Chantilly 2 ESE 10.18, Quantico MCAF 9.01, Copper Hill 6.2 S 8.89, Washington National 6.90, Richmond Byrd Field 6.06 Inches. (Ref. Rainfall Totals for 20 Other States - NWS Hydrometeorological Prediction Center Camp Springs, MD) Rich Hanauer lives in Furlong PA, between Philadelphia and Trenton NJ. Buckingham, PA (In this article) is just north of Philadelphia that had 24.71 inches of rain from Aug. 1st to today. (Ref. Newspaper Article from PA on flooding ) (Ref. Map of Rainfall Totals for VA from Sep. 5th to 9th) 2013: Historical rainfall occurred in northern Colorado from September 9 to September 16 and resulted in severe flash flooding along the northern Front Range of Colorado and subsequent river flooding downstream along the S 2017: Hurricane Irma was downgraded to a Category 3 storm shortly before noon Saturday after its maximum sustained winds weakened to 125 mph, but it was expected to strengthen before moving toward southwest Florida on Sunday. The National Hurricane Center said Irma was continuing to slam the north coast of Cuba Saturday but had weakened slightly. As of 2:00 p.m. EDT, the storm was located about 145 miles southeast of Key West, Fla.

61 / 53 clear. Clouds offshore inching NW over the day into tomorrow otherwise partly cloudy - sunny with NE flow keeping highs in the low - mid 70s. Some of the offshore rains may penetrate tomorrow with the euro the wettest. Clears out and warm up Thu to the upper 70s to low 80s. Overall drier / near normal through the 14th with an overall ridging warmer by the 15th and beyond.

Records: Highs: EWR: 96 (2023) NYC: 101 (1881) LGA: 96 (2023) JFK: 93 (1983) Lows: EWR: 49 (1984) NYC: 46 (1888) LGA: 53 (1984) JFK: 47 (1962) Historical: 1675: Boston, Massachusetts area has the second "Great Colonial Hurricane." (Ref. NOAA Boston Weather Events) 1769: Considered one of the worst storms of the Eighteenth century, this hurricane passed over Williamsburg, Virginia. 1881 - The temperature soared to 101 degrees at New York City, 102 degrees at Boston MA, and 104 degrees at Washington D.C. (David Ludlum) 1888 - Much of the Middle and Northern Atlantic Coast Region experienced freezing temperatures. Killer frosts resulted in a million dollars damage to crops in Maine. (David Ludlum) 1909 - Topeka, KS, was drenched with 8.08 inches of rain in 24 hours to establish a record for that location. (6th- 7th) (The Weather Channel) 1939: A Record heat prevailed across the Midwest. Locations recording their hottest September temperatures included Rockford, IL: 103°, New Hampton, IA: 101° and Lancaster, WI: 100°. Prairie du Chien, WI tied for Wisconsin's highest September temperature with 104°. Other record highs included: Waterloo, IA: 102°, Columbia, MO: 102°, Kansas City, MO: 102°, Des Moines, IA: 101°, St. Louis, MO: 101°, Peoria, IL: 101°-Tied, Chicago, IL: 100 °F. (Ref. Many Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1949: Santa Ana, CA began with a record low of 51° then quickly warmed to a record high temperature of 105°. Other record highs for the date across the Southland included: Escondido, CA: 106°, Downtown Los Angeles, CA: 103°, Long Beach, CA: 101° and San Diego, CA: 92°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1954: The highest temperature ever recorded for the Richmond International Airport in September was 103 °F (Ref. Richmond Weather Records - KRIC) 1962: Billings, MT recorded their earliest measurable snowfall with two inches, followed by 4.3 more inches the next day. Red Lodge, MT received 15 inches from this day through the 8th. Columbus, MT received four inches and Livingston, MT received one inch. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1970 - A lightning bolt struck a group of football players at Gibbs High School in Saint Petersburg FL, killing two persons and injuring 22 others. All the thirty-eight players and four coaches were knocked off their feet. (The Weather Channel) 1987 - Showers and thunderstorms produced 4 to 8 inch rains in three to six hours in Virginia, with totals across the state for the Labor Day weekend ranging up to fourteen inches. The Staunton River crested at 34.44 feet at Altavista on the 8th, its highest level since 1940. Damage due to flooding was estimated at seven million dollars around Bedford, Henry, and Franklin. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Fifty cities across the eastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. The low of 56 degrees at Mobile AL was their coolest reading of record for so early in the season. The mercury dipped to 31 degrees at Athens OH, and to 30 degrees at Thomas WV. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Thunderstorms in the central U.S. produced four inches of rain at Texamah overnight, and up to six inches of rain in southwestern Iowa. Evening thunderstorms in eastern Colorado produced golf ball size hail at Clear Creek and at Nederland. Late evening thunderstorms in Iowa drenched Harlan with more than four inches of rain. (The National Weather Summary) 1998: Two Derechos occurred on this day with one affecting most of Pennsylvania and New York City, the other impacting central New York. 2003: Seattle-Tacoma, Washington: A string of 61 consecutive days with temperature 70°F or above ends. The previous run had been 49 days in 1958. (Ref. WxDoctor)

73 here for a highs. Clearing out a bit now as front clears Dew piint to 54

Highs (9/6) EWR: 90 PHL: 90 TEB: 89 New Brnswck: 89 ACY: 88 TTN: 88 BLM: 87.1 LGA: 86 NYC: 86 ISPL 82 JFK: 81

Highs (9/6) EWR: 90 PHL: 90 TEB: 89 New Brnswck: 89 ACY: 88 TTN: 88 BLM: 87.1 LGA: 86 NYC: 86 ISPL 82 JFK: 81

Records: Highs: EWR: 98 (2018) NYC: 97 (1881) LGA: 96 (2018) JFK: 93 (2023) Lows: EWR: 48 (1938) NYC: 48 (1924) LGA: 53 (1988) JFK: 52 (1963) Historical: 1667: The “dreadful hurricane of 1667” is considered one of the most severe hurricanes ever to strike Virginia. On the first, this same storm was reported in the Lesser Antilles. The hurricane devastated St. Christopher as no other storm had done before. The "great storm" went on to strike the northern Outer Banks of North Carolina and southeastern Virginia. Area crops (including corn and tobacco) were beaten into the ground. 1776: Called the Pointe-à-Pitre hurricane, this storm is one of the deadliest Atlantic hurricanes on record. While the intensity and complete track are unknown, this storm struck Guadeloupe on this day, killing 6,000. 1881 - Forest fires in Michigan and Ontario resulted in 'Yellow Day' in the northeastern U.S. Twenty villages in Michigan burned, and a total of 500 persons were killed. Fires caused 2.3 million dollars in losses near Lake Huron. Candles were needed at the noon hour. (David Ludlum) 1881: Forest fires in “The Thumb” of Michigan and Ontario resulted in “Yellow Day” over the New England states. Twenty villages and over a million acres burned in Michigan. The smoke from these fires caused the sky to appear yellow over several New England cities. Twilight appeared at noon on this day. 1929 - Iowa's earliest snow of record occurred as a few flakes were noted at 9 AM at Alton. (The Weather Channel) 1933: The remnant low of the Treasure Coast Hurricane dumped 10.33" of rain in Charleston, which is the second-highest 24-hour rainfall total on record for the downtown station. The storm produced wind gusts of 51 mph and also spawned a tornado near the city. 1987 - Thunderstorms produced more than seven inches of rain in Georgia. Four persons drowned, and two others suffered injury, as three couples attempted to cross Mills Stone Creek at Echols Mill in their automobile. Smoke from forest fires in California and Oregon spread across Utah into western Colorado. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - Unseasonably cool weather prevailed across the north central and northeastern U.S. Thirty cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Saint Joseph MO with a reading of 38 degrees. A low of 44 degrees at Indianapolis IN was their coolest reading of record for so early in the season. The mercury dipped to 31 degrees at Hibbing MN and Philips WI. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - An early afternoon thunderstorm produced wind gusts to 104 mph at Winterhaven, FL, flipping over four airplanes, and damaging five others. The high winds also damaged a hangar and three other buildings. A cold front produced strong winds and blowing dust in the Northern High Plains, with gusts to 54 mph reported at Buffalo SD. Powerful Hurricane Gabrielle and strong easterly winds combined to create waves up to ten feet high along the southern half of the Atlantic coast. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 2003: Hurricane Isabel was first named on September 6th, 2003. It would reach Category 5 status and eventually make landfall in North Carolina as a Category 2. 2017: Category 5 Hurricane Irma affected the US Virgin Island and Puerto Rico. Maximum sustained winds were at 180 mph when the storm hit St. Thomas & St. John. Catastrophic damage was reported over the US Virgin Island & significant damage over Puerto Rico, especially over Culebra.

86 / 70 clouds pushing east - race to 90 in the hottest spots. Onshore flow this week keeps it near normal, overall warmer by nexy weekend / mid month and beyond. https://cdn.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/GOES19/ABI/SECTOR/eus/02/GOES19-EUS-02-1000x1000.gif

Highs (9/5) EWR: 88 New Brnswck: 88 PHL: 88 TEB: 86 TTN: 86 BLM: 85 ACY: 85 LGA: 83 NYC: 82 ISP: 81 JFK: 81

Records: Highs: EWR: 95 (2023) NYC: 94 (1985) LGA: 93 (1985) JFK: 94 (1961) Lows: EWR: 53 (2000) NYC: 51 (1963) LGA: 54 (2000) JFK: 52 (1989) Historical: 1925 - The temperature at Centerville, AL, soars to 112 degrees to establish a state record. Every reporting station in Alabama was 100 degrees or above that afternoon. (The Weather Channel) 1929: Early season snowfall occurred in the mountains of Wyoming and the Black Hills of South Dakota on September 5th and 6th. The highest snowfall amount was 16 inches in Fox Park, Wyoming. 1933 - A hurricane hit Brownsville, TX, killing forty persons and causing 12 million dollars damage. (David Ludlum) 1933: A Category 3 hurricane made landfall on South Padre Island, Texas during the late evening hours on September 4th, or Labor Day. The storm caused 40 fatalities and nearly $17 million in damages. With the storm making landfall during a holiday weekend, fatalities could have been much higher. The following is from the report of the official in charge at Corpus Christi, Texas: "Probably never before in the history of Texas hurricanes have such widespread and early warnings been given as were received from Washington in advance of this one. The telegram of Saturday, September 2, warning all persons to avoid inaccessible places over the weekend probably saved thousands of lives." 1950 - Hurricane Easy produced the greatest 24 hour rainfall in U.S. weather records. The hurricane deluged Yankeetown, on the upper west coast of Florida, with 38.7 inches of rain. (David Ludlum) 1950: Hurricane Easy was an erratic and unpredictable hurricane that lingered over the Tampa Bay area for days, dropping torrential rains and causing damage especially in Cedar Key, Florida where the storm eventually made landfall. This hurricane dumped 38.7 inches of rain in 24 hours in Yankeetown, a record for the U.S. at the time, and caused $3.3 million in damage. Total rainfall amounts in Yankeetown was 45.20 inches. 1975 - Strong winds reduced visibilities to near zero in blowing dust resulting in a 22-car chain reaction accident on Interstate 10 near Toltec AZ. Two persons were killed, and 14 others were injured. (The Weather Channel) 1978: Tropical Depression Norman became the most recent tropical system to make landfall in California near Long Beach as an extra-tropical storm. 1987 - Thunderstorms over the Southern and Middle Atlantic Coast States drenched Charleston, SC, with 5.50 inches of rain, and a total of 13.50 inches in two days, flooding homes, and leaving roads and bridges under water. (The National Weather Summary) A tropical storm which formed off the South Atlantic coast was responsible for torrential rains over coastal regions of South Carolina. Between the 30th of August and the 8th of September, Charleston SC received 18.44 inches of rain. The heavy rains caused extensive flooding around the city of Charleston, seriously damaged cotton crops in the eastern part of the state, and resulted in an unusually high number of mosquitos. (Storm Data) 1988 - Five days of heavy rain commenced in west central Florida. Up to 20 inches of rain in four days resulted in extensive urban flooding, and evacuation of 1000 homes. Flooding claimed four lives, and caused more than five million dollars proprty damage. (The National Weather Summary)(Storm Data) 1989 - Thunderstorms produced six to ten inches of rain in south central Kansas between 6 AM and Noon. Serious flooding was reported around Wichita, with water four feet deep along some roads. A cold front crossing the Northern High Plains Region produced wind gusts to 63 mph at Sheridan WY. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1996: Hurricane Fran made landfall near the tip of Cape Fear, North Carolina with maximum sustained winds near 115 mph on the evening of September 5th. Fran was responsible for 26 deaths and was at the time the most expensive natural disaster ever in North Carolina’s history. 2017: Hurricane Irma became a category 5 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 180 mph. This made Irma one of strongest hurricane ever observed in the open Atlantic Ocean.

71 /67 with some clouds moving through all making a harder stint for any of the hotter spots to touch 90 (since Aug 17). Otherwise, its warm / humid mid- upper 80s with scattered storms later and a similar progression on Saturday before drying out and cooling off a bit by Sunday. Overall warmer than normal period but onshore flow, may see some rain push in from the E Tue/Wed. Next shot at any heat would be Sep 10 - 12 period. https://cdn.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/GOES19/ABI/SECTOR/eus/02/GOES19-EUS-02-1000x1000.gif

Rain: NYC: 0.56 JFK: 0.38 LGA: 0.35 EWR: 0.35

Highs (9/4) TTN: 86 PHL: 85 TEB: 83 New Brnswck: 82 EWR: 80 LGA: 79 ACY: 79 ISP: 78 BLM: 77 NYC: 77 JFK: 76 (intra hour highs updaing)

Records: Highs EWR: 95 (2018) NYC: 97 (1929) LGA: 93 (2018) JFK: 93 (2018) Lows: EWR: 52 (1997) NYC: 47 (1883) LGA: 64 (1997) JFK: 53 (1997) Historical: 1766: A hurricane made landfall at modern-day Galveston, Texas. The following is from David Roth of the Weather Prediction Center. “A mission, named San Augustine de Ahumado was located in what is nowadays known as Chambers County. This mission was destroyed and subsequently abandoned. A seven-foot storm surge put the area under water. A richly-laden treasure fleet of 5 galleons en route from Vera Cruz to Havana was driven ashore and had to wait many weeks for assistance to come. La Caraqueña wrecked on Galveston Island while El Nuevo de Constante sank along the western Louisiana coast. Fortunately, much of the treasure and people aboard were saved.” 1939 - A thunderstorm deluged Washington D.C. with 4.4 inches of rain in two hours. September of that year was very dry across much of the nation, and Washington D.C. received more rain in that two hour period than most other places in the country that entire month. (David Ludlum) 1941: A violent tornado ripped through Northeast and North Minneapolis shortly afternoon on this day. The hardest-hit location was the Soo Line Railroad’s Shoreham Yards where four people died, and at least 50 were injured. The death toll at Soo Line could have been higher, but the tornado struck five minutes after the lunch bell went off, meaning 100 men left the shops. 1945: Record heat blasted parts of the Southwest into the Plains. The high of 108° established the record high for the month of September at Liberal, KS. Other daily records included: Yuma, AZ: 116°, Phoenix, AZ: 112°, Las Vegas, NV: 109°, Tucson, AZ: 106 °F. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1965: Hurricane Betsy stalled 350 miles east of Jacksonville, FL just before the busy Labor Day holiday weekend, causing major headaches for weather forecasters. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1970 - The greatest natural disaster of record for Arizona occurred. Unprecedented rains caused rivers in central Arizona to rise five to ten feet per hour, sweeping cars and buildings as far as 30 to 40 miles downstream. Flooding claimed the lives of 23 persons, mainly campers, and caused millions of dollars damage. Water crested 36 feet above normal near Sunflower AZ. Workman's Creek was deluged with 11.40 inches of rain in 24 hours to establish a state record. Moisture from Pacific Tropical Storm Norma led to the severe flooding. (4th-6th) (The Weather Channel) 1983: Record heat occurred across parts of the Midwest and Plains ahead of a strong cold front. Record highs included: El Paso, TX: 101°, Roswell, NM: 100°-Tied, Chicago, IL: 95 °F -Tied. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1986 - An unusually strong dust devil moved across the Flagstaff Pulliam Airport. The dust devil blew open the doors of the National Weather Service office scattering papers and bringing down a ceiling-mounted light fixture. (Storm Data) 1987 - Thunderstorms developing along a stationary front produced heavy rain across the Southern Atlantic Coast States. Up to eight inches was reported north of Charleston SC. Serious flooding was reported in Monks Corner SC. Seven cities in the northeastern U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date. Houlton ME dipped to 32 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 1988 - The western U.S. experienced another day of record heat. The afternoon high of 91 degrees at Stampede Pass WA established an all-time record for that location, and Los Angeles CA equalled their all-time record high with a reading of 110 degrees. A record high of 107 degrees at San Diego CA was their hottest reading in 25 years. Red Bluff CA was the hot spot in the nation with an afternoon reading of 118 degrees. (National Weather Summary) 1989 - Overnight thunderstorm rains of four and a half to seven inches drenched eastern Nebraska during the morning hours, pushing creeks out of their banks, and flooding fields, country roads and city streets. Totals ranged up to 6.97 inches south of Creston. It was also a soggy Labor Day for northern Florida. Jacksonville reported 6.82 inches of rain, and evening thunderstorms produced 2.75 inches of rain in one hour at Sandlewood. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary) 1996: Hurricane Fran reached peak strength of 120 mph 275 miles off the east coast of Florida. The Space Shuttle Atlantis had to be rolled back from its launch pad at Cape Canaveral as the storm threatened the east coast of Florida. The storm would make landfall the following evening on the North Carolina coast to become the most damaging hurricane of the 1996 Atlantic season. (Ref. AccWeather Weather History) 1998: Scottsbluff, NE equaled their warmest September temperature with a high of 102°. Other record highs included: Fort Smith, AR: 109°, Dallas, TX: 108°, Dallas (DFW), TX: 108°, Wichita Falls, TX: 108°, Oklahoma City, OK: 107°, Tulsa, OK: 107°, Waco, TX: 106° and Austin (Camp Mabry), TX: 101°. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2000: Houston and College Station, Texas recorded their hottest day on record when highs reached 109° and 112° respectively. Houston has tied their record on August 27th, 2011. Other daily record highs included: Wichita Falls, TX: 111°, Waco, TX: 111°, Dallas, (DFW), TX: 111°, Austin, (Bergstrom), TX: 110°, Austin (Camp Mabry), TX: 110°, Dallas, TX: 110°, Victoria, TX: 110°, San Antonio, TX: 109°, Shreveport, LA: 108°, Corpus Christi, TX: 107 °F. 2006: A slow moving low pressure system triggered scattered thunderstorms across northern Illinois during the afternoon. A series of slow moving storms moved into and sat over the east side of Rockford. As much as 5 to 10 inches of rain fell in a localized area, while less than 3/4 inch fell nearby at the airport. Damage was estimated around $20 million dollars. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2007: Hurricane Felix came ashore in the pre-dawn hours as a Category 5 storm on the northeastern coast of Nicaragua. At the time of its landfall, the maximum sustained surface winds were approximately 160 mph. Felix killed at least 130 people along the coast, with damage in Nicaragua totaling $46.7 million. 2008: The remnants of Hurricane Gustav brought heavy rains to southern Lower Michigan. Muskegon set a daily rainfall record of 3.25 inches and Grand Rapids sets a record with 2.82 inches. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2011: The center of Tropical Storm Lee moved ashore around sunrise. However, it would be a while before Lee would weaken to a depression as it remained nearly stationary while the southern half of the circulation was over water where it could continue to derive additional energy from the warm ocean. Lee brought torrential rains to Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. 2016: An EF1 tornado developed in the open country area north of Merna, Wyoming. The tornado caused tree damage along its 2.45-mile path. At its widest, the tornado produced sporadic tree damage approximately 300 yards across. The trees fell on some fence line but otherwise caused no property damage.

82 / 56 - warmest day in a while and tomorrow and Saturday (pending on clouds) the warmest since Aug 17th. Scattered showers/storms Fri / Say s front clears. Overall warmer - onshore will keep any chance for heat at bay much of the first part of next week with ridge north again.

Records: Highs: EWR: 100 (1993) NYC: 99 (1929) LGA: 95 (1993) JFK: 93 (2015) Lows: EWR: 51 (1967) NYC: 50 (1893) LGA: 54 (1967) JFK: 62 (1967) Historical: 1815: A powerful hurricane made landfall near Swansboro, NC. Damage was extensive at Onslow with great loss of life. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1821: A hurricane made landfall at Long Island, near Kennedy Airport, then moved through western Connecticut. The hurricane produced a record tide at New York City. An account from the Norfolk Herald described the storm as such..... From half past 11:00 until half past 12:00, so great the fury of the elements, that they seemed to threaten a general demolition of everything within their reach. During that period the scene was awful. There was the deafening roar of the storm, with the mingled crashing of windows and falling of chimneys, while the rapid rise of the tide threatened to inundate the town. The continuous cataracts of rain swept impetuously along darkening the expanse of vision and apparently confounding the heaven, earth and seas in a general chaos; together with now and then a glimpse caught through the gloom, of shipping forced from their moorings and driven with rapidity, as the mind might well conjecture in such a circumstance to inevitable destruction. (David Ludlum) The following is an account of what happened next from Howard Pyles, writtings: "...then a dull roar came nearer and nearer, and suddenly a solid mass of wind and rain and salt spray leaped upon the devoted island with a scream. Great pines bent for a moment, then, groaning and shrieking, were torn from their centuried growth like wisps of straw and hurled one against another; houses were cut from their foundations and thrown headlong; and then a deeper roar swelled the noise of the tempest, and a monstrous wall of inky waters rushed with the speed of lightning toward the island. It struck Assateague, and in a moment half the land was a waste of seething foam and tossing pine trunks; and the next instant it struck Chincoteague, and in an unbroken mass swept away men and ponies like insects; rushing up the island, tearing its way through the stricken pine woods." (Barnes & Truitt) At Pungoteage, a ten foot storm surge led to "unexampled destruction". Damage spread north with the storm into New York and New England over succeeding days. It was considered one of the most violent hurricanes on record... with damage totaling $200,000 in Virginia. Five drowned at Chincoteague. (Ref. for Long Island Hurricane of 1821) 1821 - A hurricane made landfall at Long Island, near Kennedy Airport, then moved through western Connecticut. The hurricane produced a record tide at New York City. (David Ludlum) 1821: Known as the 1821 Norfolk Long Island Hurricane, this storm ripped up the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast coast September 3 and 4 – coinciding with Labor Day (before the holiday was established). 1834: A strong hurricane made landfall near Georgetown, South Carolina. 1909: 48 °F in Washington, DC the first temperature of the season that was below 50 °F. (Ref. Washington Weather Records - KDCA) 1930: A Category 4 hurricane devastates the Dominican Republic on this day. This storm killed more than 8,000 individuals, which is it the fifth deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. 1933: On this date through the 4th, there was extensive property damage on Florida's east coast from Vero Beach to West Palm Beach due to a landfalling hurricane. A few houses were destroyed and a number blown off their blocks. More than four million boxes of citrus were blown from the trees statewide. The property loss ran into the millions. Two deaths were attributed to storm. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1953 - The temperature at Erie PA reached 99 degrees, and Stroudsburg PA established a state record for September with a reading of 106 degrees. (The Weather Channel) 1961 - Denver, CO, received 4.2 inches of snow, their earliest snow of record. (Sandra and TI Richard Sanders - 1987) 1970 - During the early evening hours, in the midst of a severe hailstorm at Coffeyville KS, a stone 17.5 inches in circumference and nearly two pounds in weight was recovered. It was the largest measured hailstone in U.S. weather records. Average stone size from the storm was five inches in diameter, with another stone reportedly eight inches in diameter. (David Ludlum) 1972: Hurricane Hyacinth moved as far west as 125 West before recurving to the northeast. The remnants made landfall between Los Angeles and San Diego, CA with winds of 25 mph and rainfall of up to one inch in the mountains from this day through 9/6. This tropical cyclone holds the distinction of traveling the farthest west before recurving and making landfall in Southern California. This occurred during the El Niño of 1972-73. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 1974: A strong Canadian air mass brought an early taste of Autumn extending the Plains to the Great Lakes & Ohio Valley. The earliest freeze on record in Sioux Falls, SD recorded their earliest freeze on record when they dropped to 31°. Other record lows included: North Platte, NE: 26°, St. Cloud, MN: 27°, Bismarck, ND: 28°, Valentine, NE: 30°, Aberdeen, SD: 31°, Huron, SD: 31°, Duluth, MN: 32 °F.(Ref. Many Additional Temperatures Listed On This Link) 1977: A 19-year-old hitch-hiker was struck and killed by lightning while leaning against a metal road sign on the southbound ramp of I-81 in Staunton, VA . Another person was injured. Witnesses said that there was no rain falling at the time and described the lightning bolt as having come "out of clear skies". In actuality, it came from a nearby thunderstorm. Also on this day in Poquoson, near hampton, Virginia around 6:20 PM, a man was struck and injured outside his home. During the period 1995 through 2000, there were seven lightning fatalities, 54 injuries and $6.5 million in damage, according to Storm Data. (Ref. Lightning - Virginia Weather History) 1979: Hurricane David made landfall in south Florida as a Category 2 storm. It caused 15 deaths in the US. Hurricane David was a Category 5 over the Dominican Republic were over 2,000 people died. 1987 - Temperatures dipped into the 40s and 50s for morning lows across much of the eastern half of the country, with eleven cities reporting record lows for the date. Pellston MI tied Gunnison CO for honors as the cold spot in the nation with a low of 30 degrees. Smoke from forest fires darkened skies in southern Oregon and northern California. (The National Weather Summary) 1988 - Sixteen cities in the northwestern U.S. reported record high temperatures for the date. Highs of 89 degrees at Stampede Pass WA and 116 degrees at Redding CA established records for the month of September. Readings of 98 degrees at Spokane WA and 100 degrees at Yakima WA equalled records for September. (The National Weather Summary) 1989 - Thunderstorms developing ahead of a cold front produced severe weather from Minnesota to Nebraska during the day and evening. Evening thunderstorms in Nebraska produced wind gusts to 100 mph at Valentine and Gretna, and produced baseball size hail at Lewellen. Thunderstorms in Arizona produced 2.20 inches of rain in forty minutes at Green Valley, and wind gusts to 60 mph. Eight cities in Texas and Florida reported record high temperatures for the date, including Victoria TX and San Antonio TX, each with a reading of 102 degrees. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data) 2002: A prolonged summer drought in southern Illinois gradually worsened, becoming severe by early September. Crop loss estimates totaled around $53 million dollars. The corn crop, which was especially susceptible to the combined effects of heat and drought, took the biggest hit. The remnants of Tropical Storm Isidore provided much-needed heavy rainfall late in September. (Ref. Wilson Wx. History) 2007: Key West, Florida: Key West records a record high reading of 95°F. This event is the first occurrence of a 95 °F or higher reading since August 1957. (Ref. WxDoctor) 2016: Tropical Storm Hermine made landfall in Florida on Friday, September 2, 2016 at 7:26 PM - as a Category 1 hurricane early Friday, leaving one dead and causing severe coastal damage in its wake. Hermine was the first hurricane to make landfall in the state since Wilma struck 11 years ago. It was only a Cat-1 hurricane but the rain in NC set the stage for a Major Flood with Matthew in October. 58,000 without power in Hampton Roads, Virginia The main problems in the Virginia Beach area was flooding