Newman

Can we talk about the GFS dropping 0.7-0.8" of QPF in only the span of 3 hours? Holy crap, talk about the snowfall rates in that

I saw it coming in lol. As soon as I saw the southern energy phase in and the trough turn neutral over the Ohio Valley, I knew a bomb was imminent. But holy smokes, not 2-3 feet right up I-95 type of bomb

This 18z GFS run will be one to remember...

https://www.weather.gov/phi/criteria-winter

A reminder of the local Mount Holly CWA Winter Storm Warning criteria... Red requires 6 inches of snow and blue requires 5. Winter Weather Advisories are a little bit different, but most areas require 2 or 3 inches of snow. I would think most counties under a watch right now get upgraded to a warning by the morning, maybe not Burlington or Ocean in NJ but we'll see. I still believe the northern guidance (i.e. GFS and NAM's) meet in the middle with the southern guidance (RGEM, Euro, ICON). If that is the case, then just Delaware, Chester, and the southern NJ counties will be under a warning. Also... I am not a Mount Holly meteorologist so I am not speaking on their behalf, though I should hopefully (fingers crossed) be an NWS meteorologist at another office here in the west in a few months...

0z NAM not gonna make many friends here... Shifted south in response to the confluence lobe being significantly further south this run

Those on the northern fringes of the snow field should definitely remain cautious. Looking at soundings across the LV and Berks as the precip moves in around 12z on Monday, we're looking at 12 degree dew point depressions. The WAA and moisture advection helps to close that gap quickly, but there won't be any time to waste with regards to appreciable QPF because it's a quick hitter overall... in and out in only 6 hours or so between 12z and 18z on Monday. If the secondary trailing surface low can move north, that would extend things. But as of now, that's looking unlikely

18z GFS is definitely a touch better for SE PA

Only looking 36hrs out into the Ohio Valley, we're talking QPF differences of 1-2" in some locations between the HRRR (long-range, I know), the NAM, and the RGEM. The NAM and RGEM being drastically different arises from their depiction of the mid-level vort sliding through, of which the NAM is much more potent and neutrally tilted to allow for a healthy PVA regime, the RGEM is simply flatter and less robust. Looking at H5 trends between the two, it seems they are converging closer together without an all-out "fold" of one model to the other. I suppose we'll see, the Sterling NWS AFD is excellent if you haven't checked it out. Also to note... there are some timing differences to make note of, but not *that* large between these models to expect such huge differences

Compared to the prior forecast, totals were shifted southward a bit as the overall storm track is a bit more southerly on this set of guidance. However, its quite possible it shifts back north next cycle, so was a bit generous with the coverage of the winter storm watch when comparing it to actual forecast totals, which even at this stage I wouldn`t take as anywhere close to being in stone. A bit of shifting can still mean several inches of difference, especially around Philly and points north.

Canadian went even more south as well

GFS looks good for much of SE PA

That confluence actually ends up quite a bit further south on the 18z NAM. But the vort itself seems to be more potent and juiced up and that northern confluence almost tries to phase into the backside of our upper-level shortwave trough. So it kicks up the heights ahead of our storm just a bit as it's passing through, which helps to increase positive vorticity advection and hence we see that secondary surface low spawn as it slides east associated with the vort pass.

One thing to note is the orientation of the vort lobe north of Maine plays as much a factor as the strength of it, if not more. The models showing that in a zonal W -> E orientation allow it to squash heights much more effectively. Those that keep it more NW -> SE oriented (i.e. the recent 12z GFS) allow for *just* enough space for our system to amplify to get appreciable snows into SE PA

The 3" line all the way up to Easton is actually pretty bullish right now

Here's a comparison of the early 0z runs. The Canadian trended slightly stronger with our vort, but it's still positively tilted and not closed off. The GFS and ICON, however, close it off and slide it under the region. The timing is almost identical, and the confluence is lifted far enough north on almost all models to leave room for this to come north. The difference comes down to how potent the shortwave is and if it turns neutral or even negatively tilted

You could tell early on this GFS run was gonna be near perfect for eastern PA and NJ. Just a beautiful H5 look

ICON is a shellacking for much of the Mount Holly CWA, especially for Philly proper. 0.5" of QPF up to ABE, 0.8" down to RDG, and PHL with 1", presumably all as snow. That shortwave has been trending more and more potent on guidance. ICON keeps it as a closed off upper-level vort basically until WV until the confluence does it's job opening it up. But the damage is done at that point. Seems like a classic squeeze play between strong confluence to the north and a potent shortwave sliding through to the south. I'm supposed to be working on writing my Masters thesis this week but this dang system has been keeping me distracted, and I don't even live in SE PA anymore lol.

Wasn't there that surprise storm in February(?) with the intense fronto death band that dropped nearly a foot across eastern Berks and Montgomery County? Definitely not a region wide event, but I think that happened for my folk in Fleetwood last year. Speaking of fronto bands, the 18z NAM is showing that 850mb fronto band as MGorse was mentioning for tomorrow's sneaky event. Seems like quite the dynamic environment with steep llvl lapse rates

Just your typical stratospheric intrusion down to 550-600mb or so lol

Around 2.5" on the back deck, but more like 1.5" on the measuring board. So we'll go with ~2" here in Fleetwood

Visiting the fam back in Fleetwood for Christmas, just went out and measured 1" on the snow board. Was honestly expecting more from the other reports around the region, must be some melting going on. Will go out and measure when it's all done here

Another 2" or so fell this morning and last night in Laramie, puts us at about 5-6" on the season

Just a heads up, Tropical Tidbits finally added more features for the ECMWF. The recent upgrade of the Euro also takes it out to 360 hours

Our first single digit low of the season here in Laramie overnight, got to 3 degrees with a wind chill into the negatives