“The next few days will see a polar vortex strengthen due to less solar radiation. However, to date it seems temporary with a zonal deceleration towards December. The eQBO maintains a weak polar vortex, but without support from the EPflux with Eddys momentum and heat fluxes, it will be difficult to get cold in the mid-latitudes. In this case, the MJO or tropical convention will play a key role in the dynamics of heat fluxes in the polar vortex if it propagates towards the Pacific with good amplitude in December.
A W1 pattern over the Pacific seems likely with December. Obviously, if the MJO does not propagate over the Pacific Ocean, there will be no convergent heat fluxes that make the PV weak, and this will be a problem.”:
“A negative QBO phase always lifts hopes for mid-latitude winter cold enthusiasts, owing to its influence on the stratospheric PV.
But the QBO's links to surface weather are not simple.
Perhaps surprisingly, during La Niña a -QBO is warmer than a +QBO in early winter in N Europe”: